A Software-Defined GPS And Galileo Receiver,9780817643904

A Software-Defined GPS And Galileo Receiver

by ; ; ; ;
Edition: DVD
ISBN13: 9780817643904
ISBN10: 0817643907
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2007-01-30
Publisher(s): Birkhauser
List Price: $94.49

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Summary

Satellite navigation receivers are used to receive, process, and decode space-based navigation signals, such as those provided by the GPS constellation of satellites. There is an increasing need for a unified open platform that will enable enhanced receiver development and design, as well as cost-effective testing procedures for various applications. This book and companion DVD provide hands-on exploration of new technologies in this rapidly growing field. One of the unique features of the work is the interactive approach used, giving readers the ability to construct their own Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers. To construct such a reconfigurable receiver with a wide range of applications, the authors discuss receiver architecture based on software-defined radio (SDR) techniques. The presentation unfolds in a systematic, user-friendly style and goes from the basics to cutting-edge research. Additional features and topics include: * Presentation of basic signal structures used in GPS and Galileo, the European satellite navigation system * Design and implementation of a GPS signal generator * Presentation and analysis of different methods of signal acquisitiona??serial search; parallel-frequency space search; and parallel-code phase searcha??as well as code/carrier tracking and navigation data decoding * A complete GPS software receiver implemented using MATLAB code as well as GPS and GIOVE-A signal recordsa??available on the companion cross-platform DVDa??allowing readers to change various parameters and immediately see their effects * MATLAB-based exercises * A hands-on method of testing the material covered in the book: supplementary front-end hardware equipmenta??which may be purchased at http://ccar.colorado.edu/gnss a??enables readers working on a Windows or LINUX system to generate real-world data by converting analog signals to digital signals * Supplementary course material for instructors available at http://gps.aau.dk/softgps * Bibliography of recent results and comprehensive index The book is aimed at applied mathematicians, electrical engineers, geodesists, and graduate students. It may be used as a textbook in various GPS technology and signal processing courses, or as a self-study reference for anyone working with satellite navigation receivers.

Table of Contents

Preface ix
List of Figures xiii
List of Tables xvii
Abbreviations xix
1 Signals and Systems 1(16)
1.1 Characterization of Signals
1(7)
1.1.1 Continuous-Time Deterministic Signals
2(1)
1.1.2 Discrete-Time Deterministic Signals
3(1)
1.1.3 Unit Impulse
3(1)
1.1.4 Rectangular Pulse
4(2)
1.1.5 Random Signals
6(1)
1.1.6 Random Sequence of Pulses
7(1)
1.2 Sampling
8(1)
1.3 Characterization of Systems
9(3)
1.4 Linear Time-Invariant Systems
12(2)
1.5 Representation of Bandpass Signals
14(3)
2 GPS Signal 17(14)
2.1 Signals and Data
17(1)
2.2 GPS Signal Scheme
18(2)
2.3 C/A Code
20(6)
2.3.1 Gold Sequence
20(1)
2.3.2 Gold Sequence Generation—Overview
21(1)
2.3.3 Gold Sequence Generation—Details
22(3)
2.3.4 Correlation Properties
25(1)
2.4 Doppler Frequency Shift
26(1)
2.5 Code Tracking
27(1)
2.6 Navigation Data
28(3)
2.6.1 Telemetry and Handover Words
29(1)
2.6.2 Data in Navigation Message
30(1)
3 Galileo Signal 31(22)
3.1 Signal Theoretical Considerations
31(2)
3.2 Galileo Ll OS Signal
33(9)
3.2.1 Signal Generation
34(1)
3.2.2 Coherent Adaptive Subcarrier Modulation
35(2)
3.2.3 Binary Offset Carrier Modulation
37(5)
3.3 Message Structure
42(3)
3.3.1 Frames and Pages
42(1)
3.3.2 Cyclic Redundancy Check
42(1)
3.3.3 Forward Error Correction and Block Interleaving
43(2)
3.4 Message Contents
45(5)
3.4.1 Time and Clock Correction Parameters
46(2)
3.4.2 Conversion of GST to UTC and GPST
48(1)
3.4.3 Service Parameters
49(1)
3.5 The Received Ll OS Signal
50(3)
4 GNSS Antennas and Front Ends 53(16)
4.1 Background
53(2)
4.2 GNSS L1 Front-End Components
55(9)
4.2.1 GNSS Antenna
55(2)
4.2.2 Filter
57(2)
4.2.3 Amplifier
59(1)
4.2.4 Mixer/Local Oscillator
59(2)
4.2.5 Analog-to-Digital Converter
61(3)
4.3 Resulting Sampled Data
64(2)
4.4 GNSS Front-End ASIC
66(3)
5 GNSS Receiver Operation Overview 69(6)
5.1 Receiver Channels
69(4)
5.1.1 Acquisition
70(1)
5.1.2 Tracking
71(1)
5.1.3 Navigation Data Extraction
72(1)
5.2 Computation of Position
73(2)
6 Acquisition 75(12)
6.1 Motivation
75(1)
6.2 Serial Search Acquisition
76(2)
6.2.1 PRN Sequence Generation
77(1)
6.2.2 Carrier Generation
77(1)
6.2.3 Integration and Squaring
78(1)
6.3 Parallel Frequency Space Search Acquisition
78(3)
6.4 Parallel Code Phase Search Acquisition
81(3)
6.5 Data Size
84(1)
6.6 Execution Time
85(1)
6.7 Parameter Estimation
86(1)
7 Carrier and Code Tracking 87(22)
7.1 Motivation
87(1)
7.2 Demodulation
87(2)
7.3 Second-Order PLL
89(4)
7.3.1 Damping Ratio
92(1)
7.3.2 Noise Bandwidth
92(1)
7.4 Carrier Tracking
93(3)
7.5 Code Tracking
96(5)
7.6 Multipath
101(5)
7.7 Complete Tracking Block
106(1)
7.8 Pseudorange Computations
107(2)
8 Data Processing for Positioning 109(28)
8.1 Navigation Data Recovery
109(1)
8.1.1 Finding the Bit Transition Time and the Bit Values
109(1)
8.2 Navigation Data Decoding
110(4)
8.2.1 Location of Preamble
110(1)
8.2.2 Extracting the Navigation Data
111(3)
8.3 Computation of Satellite Position
114(5)
8.4 Pseudorange Estimation
119(2)
8.4.1 The Initial Set of Pseudoranges
119(1)
8.4.2 Estimation of Subsequent Pseudoranges
120(1)
8.5 Computation of Receiver Position
121(4)
8.5.1 Time
121(1)
8.5.2 Linearization of the Observation Equation
122(1)
8.5.3 Using the Least-Squares Method
123(2)
8.5.4 Real-Time Positioning Accuracy
125(1)
8.6 Time Systems Relevant for GPS
125(2)
8.7 Coordinate Transformations
127(2)
8.8 Universal Transverse Mercator Mapping
129(1)
8.9 Dilution of Precision
130(3)
8.10 World Geodetic System 1984
133(1)
8.11 Time and Coordinate Reference Frames for GPS and Galileo
134(3)
Problems 137(6)
A MATLAB Code 143(10)
A.1 Structure of the Code
143(1)
A.2 The settings Structure
144(1)
A.3 Acquisition Function
145(2)
A.4 Tracking Function
147(1)
A.5 Function postNavigation
148(5)
A.5.1 Pseudorange Computation
149(1)
A.5.2 Position Computation
150(3)
B GNSS Signal Simulation 153(14)
B.1 GPS Signal Simulation
153(1)
B.2 Simulink Implementation
154(5)
B.2.1 C/A Code Generation
155(2)
B.2.2 Navigation Data Generation
157(1)
B.2.3 P Code Generation
158(1)
B.2.4 Combining the Signal Components
158(1)
B.2.5 Upper-Level Implementation
158(1)
B.3 Galileo Signal Generator
159(2)
B.4 Differences in Processing GPS and Galileo Signals
161(3)
B.4.1 Signal Differences
162(2)
B.5 Differences in Signal Processing
164(3)
Bibliography 167(4)
Index 171

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