Principles of Structural Design

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Edition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2005-10-31
Publisher(s): CRC Press
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Summary

Many important advances in designing modern structures have occurred over the last several years. Structural engineers need an authoritative source of information that thoroughly and concisely covers the foundational principles of the field. Comprising chapters selected from the second edition of the best-selling Handbook of Structural Engineering, Principles of Structural Design provides a tightly focused, concise, and valuable guide to the theoretical, practical, and computational aspects of structural design.This book systematically explores the fundamental concepts underlying structural design for each major type of structural material. Expert contributors authoritatively discuss steel structures, steel frame design using advanced analysis, cold-formed steel structures, reinforced concrete structures, prestressed concrete, and masonry, timber, and aluminum structures. For each construction material, the chapter explores the material properties, design considerations, and structural principles affecting overall design. Reflecting recent advances, the book includes two chapters devoted to reliability-based structural design and structure configuration based on wind engineering. Computational methods and simulation techniques illustrate the concepts of reliability-based design, while examples of real bridges highlight the application of wind engineering principles and methods.Principles of Structural Design couples fundamental concepts with advanced practices. It is an ideal introduction for newcomers to the field as well as a perfect review and quick-reference guide for seasoned engineers.

Table of Contents

Steel Structures
1(1)
Eric M. Lui
Materials
2(6)
Stress-Strain Behavior of Structural Steel
Types of Steel
High-Performance Steel
Fireproofing of Steel
Corrosion Protection of Steel
Structural Steel Shapes
Structural Fasteners
Weldability of Steel
Design Philosophy and Design Formats
8(2)
Design Philosophy
Design Formats
Tension Members
10(6)
Tension Member Design
Pin-Connected Members
Threaded Rods
Compression Members
16(10)
Compression Member Design
Built-Up Compression Members
Column Bracing
Flexural Members
26(16)
Flexural Member Design
Continuous Beams
Beam Bracing
Combined Flexure and Axial Force
42(3)
Design for Combined Flexure and Axial Force
Biaxial Bending
45(1)
Design for Biaxial Bending
Combined Bending, Torsion, and Axial Force
46(1)
Frames
47(1)
Frame Design
Frame Bracing
Plate Girders
48(7)
Plate Girder Design
Connections
55(22)
Bolted Connections
Welded Connections
Shop Welded-Field Bolted Connections
Beam and Column Splices
Column Base Plates and Beam Bearing Plates (LRFD Approach)
77(9)
Column Base Plates
Anchor Bolts
Beam Bearing Plates
Composite Members (LRFD Approach)
86(6)
Composite Columns
Composite Beams
Composite Beam-Columns
Composite Floor Slabs
Plastic Design
92(2)
Plastic Design of Columns and Beams
Plastic Design of Beam-Columns
Reduced Beam Section
94(1)
Seismic Design
95
Glossary
99(1)
References
100(2)
Further Reading
102(1)
Relevant Websites
103
Steel Frame Design Using Advanced Analysis
1(1)
S. E. Kim
Wai-Fah Chen
Introduction
1(4)
Practical Advanced Analysis
5(11)
Second-Order Refined Plastic-Hinge Analysis
Analysis of Semirigid Frames
Geometric Imperfection Methods
Numerical Implementation
Verifications
16(8)
Axially Loaded Columns
Portal Frame
Six-Story Frame
Semirigid Frame
Analysis and Design Principles
24(6)
Design Format
Loads
Load Combinations
Resistance Factors
Section Application
Modeling of Structural Members
Modeling of Geometric Imperfection
Load Application
Analysis
Load-Carrying Capacity
Serviceability Limits
Ductility Requirements
Adjustment of Member Sizes
Computer Program
30(6)
Program Overview
Hardware Requirements
Execution of Program
User Manual
Design Examples
36
Roof Truss
Unbraced Eight-Story Frame
Two-Story, Four-Bay Semirigid Frame
Glossary
46(1)
References
47
Cold-Formed Steel Structures
1(1)
Wei-Wen Yu
Introduction
1(3)
Design Standards
4(1)
Design Bases
4(3)
Allowable Strength Design (United States and Mexico)
Load and Resistance Factor Design (United States and Mexico)
Limit States Design (Canada)
Materials and Mechanical Properties
7(4)
Yield Point, Tensile Strength, and Stress-Strain Relationship
Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming
Modulus of Elasticity, Tangent Modulus, and Shear Modulus
Ductility
Element Strength
11(9)
Maximum Flat Width to Thickness Ratios
Stiffened Elements under Uniform Compression
Stiffened Elements with Stress Gradient
Unstiffened Elements under Uniform Compression
Uniformly Compressed Elements with an Edge Stiffener
Uniformly Compressed Elements with Intermediate Stiffeners
Member Design
20(21)
Sectional Properties
Linear Method for Computing Sectional Properties
Tension Members
Flexural Members
Concentrically Loaded Compression Members
Combined Axial Load and Bending
Closed Cylindrical Tubular Members
Connections and Joints
41(5)
Welded Connections
Bolted Connections
Screw Connections
Rupture
Structural Systems and Assemblies
46(6)
Metal Buildings
Shear Diaphragms
Shell Roof Structures
Wall Stud Assemblies
Residential Construction
Composite Construction
Computer-Aided Design and Direct Strength Method
52
Glossary
53(1)
References
54(2)
Further Reading
56
Reinforced Concrete Structures
1(1)
Austin Pan
Introduction
2(1)
Design Codes
3(1)
Material Properties
4(1)
Design Objectives
5(1)
Design Criteria
5(1)
Design Process
5(1)
Modeling of Reinforced Concrete for Structural Analysis
6(1)
Approximate Analysis of Continuous Beams and One-Way Slabs
6(1)
Moment Redistribution
7(1)
Second-Order Analysis Guidelines
7(1)
Moment--Curvature Relationship of Reinforced Concrete Members
8(1)
Member Design for Strength
9(11)
Ultimate Strength Design
Beam Design
One-Way Slab Design
T-Beam Design
One-Way Joist Design
Two-Way Floor Systems
20(8)
Two-Way Slab with Beams
Flat Plates
Flat Slabs with Drop Panels and/or Column Capitals
Waffle Slabs
Columns
28(8)
Capacity of Columns under Pure Compression
Preliminary Sizing of Columns
Capacity of Columns under Combined Axial Force and Moment
Detailing of Column Longitudinal Reinforcement
Shear Design of Columns
Detailing of Column Hoops and Ties
Design of Spiral Columns
Detailing of Columns Spirals
Detailing of Column to Beam Joints
Columns Subject to Biaxial Bending
Slender Columns
Moment Magnifier Method
Walls
36(1)
Shear Design of Walls
Torsion Design
37(3)
Design of Torsional Reinforcement
Detailing of Torsional Reinforcement
Reinforcement Development Lengths, Hooks, and Splices
40(2)
Tension Development Lengths
Compression Development Lengths
Standard Hooks
Splices
Deflections
42(2)
Drawings, Specifications, and Construction
44(1)
Notation
44(3)
Useful Web Sites
47
Prestressed Concrete
1(1)
Edward G. Nawy
Introduction
2(1)
Concrete for Prestressed Elements
2(4)
Compressive Strength
Tensile Strength
Shear Strength
High-Strength Concrete
Initial Compressive Strength and Modulus
Creep
Shrinkage
Steel Reinforcement Properties
6(2)
Non-Prestressing Reinforcement
Prestressing Reinforcement
Maximum Permissible Stresses
8(1)
Concrete Stresses in Flexure
Prestressing Steel Stresses
Partial Loss of Prestress
8(10)
Steel Stress Relaxation (R)
Creep Loss (CR)
Shrinkage Loss (SH)
Losses Due to Friction (F)
Example 1: Prestress Losses in Beams
Example 2: Prestressing Losses Evaluation Using SI Units
Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete Elements
18(24)
Minimum Section Modulus
Example 3: Flexural Design of Prestressed Beams at Service Load Level
Development and Transfer Length in Pretensioned Members and Design of their Anchorage Reinforcement
Posttensioned Anchorage Zones: Strut-and-Tie Design Method
Example 4: End Anchorage Design by the Strut-and-Tie Method
Ultimate-Strength Flexural Design
Limit States in Bonded Members from Decompression to Ultimate Load
Example 5: Ultimate Limit State Design of Prestressed Concrete Beams
Example 6: Ultimate Limit State Design of Prestressed Beams in SI Units
Shear and Torsional Strength Design
42(10)
Composite-Action Dowel Reinforcement
Example 7: Design of Web Reinforcement for Shear
SI Expressions for Shear in Prestressed Concrete Beams
Design of Prestressed Concrete Beams Subjected to Combined Torsion, Shear, and Bending in Accordance with the ACI 318-02 Code
Camber, Deflection, and Crack Control
52
Serviceability considerations
Long Term Effects on Deflection and Camber
Permissible Limits of Calculated Deflection
Long-Term Deflection of Composite Double-Tee Cracked Beam
Cracking Behavior and Crack Control in Prestressed Beams
ACI Expression for Cracking Mitigation
Long-Term Effects on Crack-Width Development
Tolerable Crack Widths
Example 9: Crack Control Check
SI Deflection and Cracking Expressions
Acknowledgments
70(1)
Glossary
71(4)
References
75
Masonry Structures
1(1)
Richard E. Klingner
Introduction
1(1)
Masonry in the United States
2(6)
Fundamentals of Masonry in the United States
Modern Masonry Construction in the United States
Historical Structural Masonry in the United States
Fundamental Basis for Design of Masonry in the United States
8(2)
Design Approaches for Modern U.S. Masonry
Masonry Design Codes Used in the United States
10(6)
Introduction to Masonry Design Codes in the United States
Masonry Design Provisions of Modern Model Codes in the United States
Seismic Design Provisions for Masonry in the 2000 International Building Code
Future of Design Codes for Masonry in the United States
Seismic Retrofitting of Historical Masonry in the United States
16(3)
Observed Seismic Performance of Historical U.S. Masonry
Laboratory Performance of Historical U.S. Masonry
Basic Principles of Masonry Retrofitting
History of URM Retrofitting in the Los Angeles Area
Future Challenges
19
Performance-Based Seismic Design of Masonry Structures
Increased Consistency of Masonry Design Provisions
References
19
Timber Structures
1(1)
J. Daniel Dolan
Introduction
1(5)
Types of Wood-Based Products
Types of Structures
Design Standards
Wood as a Material
6(2)
Seismic Performance of Wood Buildings
8(4)
General
1971 San Fernando Earthquake, California
1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, California
1994 Northridge Earthquake, California
Design Considerations
12(1)
Building Code Loads and Load Combinations
Resistance Determination
13(7)
Bending Members
Axial Force Members
Combined Loading
Diaphragms
20(4)
Stiffness versus Strength
Flexible versus Rigid Diaphragms
Connections to Walls
Detailing around Openings
Typical Failure Locations
Shear Walls
24(10)
Rationally Designed Walls
Prescriptive Construction
Connections
34
Design Methodology
Small-Diameter Dowel Connections
Large-Diameter Dowel Connections
Heavy Timber Connections
Glossary
39(1)
References
40(2)
Further Reading
42
Aluminum Structures
1(1)
Maurice L. Sharp
Introduction
1(3)
The Material
Alloy Characteristics
Codes and Specifications
Structural Behavior
4(15)
General
Component Behavior
Joints
Fatigue
Design
19(9)
General Considerations
Design Studies
Economics of Design
28
Glossary
28(1)
References
29(1)
Further Reading
29
Reliability-Based Structural Design
1(1)
Achintya Haldar
Introduction
1(1)
Available Structural Design Concepts
2(1)
Introduction of the Reliability-Based Structural Design Concept
3(1)
Fundamental Concept of Reliability-Based Structural Design
4(8)
First-Order Reliability Method
Reliability-Based Structural Design Using FORM
12(3)
Reliability Evaluation with Nonnormal Correlated Random Variables
15(3)
Reliability Evaluation Using Simulation
18(5)
Steps in Simulation
Variance Reduction Techniques
Simulation in Structural Design
Future Directions in Reliability-Based Structural Design
23(2)
A New Hybrid Reliability Evaluation Method
Education
Computer Programs
Concluding Remarks
25
References
25
Structure Configuration Based on Wind Engineering
1(1)
Yoshinobu Kubo
Introduction
1(1)
Effects of Wind Load
2(12)
Mechanism of Wind Load
Configuration Effect for Single Bluff Body
Vicinity Arrangement Effect of Multiple Bluff Bodies
Control of Aeroelastic Responses
14(19)
Mechanism of Aeroelastic Vibration of Structures
Control of Aeroelastic Vibration of a Single Bluff Body
Control of Aerodynamic Interference Caused by Multiple Structure
Wind Design Data
33(6)
Estimation of Wind Load and Onset Wind Velocity
Estimation of Amplitude
Examples of Real Bridges
39
Collapse of Tacoma Narrows Bridge
Vortex-Excited Vibration of the Great-Belt Bridge
Vortex-Excited Vibration of the Box Girder Bridge in Trans-Tokyo Bay Highway
Vortex-Excited Vibration of the Tower of the Akashi-Strait Bridge During Self-Standing State
Summary
44(1)
References
45(2)
Further Reading
47
Index 1

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