Oxidative Stress, Exercise And Aging

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Edition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2006-06-30
Publisher(s): Imperial College Pr
List Price: $123.90

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Summary

This book brings together some of the leading researchers in the actively investigated field of oxidative stress, an area of study which is of importance to human health and disease. It examines oxidative stress in a variety of models, at rest and after exercise, in young and old. Key concepts of oxidative stress, exercise and aging are presented in clear and easy-to-understand terms. Oxidative stress in different types of exercises - isometric, isotonic and sports - is explained in detail, with several chapters focusing on acute and chronic adaptations of skeletal muscles following both aerobic and non-aerobic exercises. The book includes current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms influencing health and disease processes associated with oxidative stress. Contents: Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants (D Close & A E Hagerman); Oxidative Stress in Plants and Animals (D Close & A E Hagerman); The Exercise Continuum (R L Wiley); Oxidative Stress and Muscle Size, Type, and Action (H M Alessio); Oxidative Stress Across the Exercise Continuum (H M Alessio); Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense: Effects of Aging and Exercise (L L Ji); Muscle, Oxidative Stress and Aging (J S Moylan et al.); Age, Exercise, Antioxidants, and Cardioprotection (J Quindry & S Powers); Genetic Expressions: Oxidative Stress, Exercise, and Aging (N B Schweitzer & H M Alessio). Readership: Academics, researchers, upper undergraduate and graduate students in biochemistry, biological chemistry, physiology, gerontology, and cell & molecular biology; companies that develop and market products for sports, health, antioxidants and anti-aging interventions.

Table of Contents

Preface vii
1. Chemistry of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants 1(8)
D.C. Close and A.E. Hagerman
1.1 What are reactive oxygen species?
1(3)
1.2 What are antioxidants?
4(2)
1.3 Oxidized biomarkers
6(2)
1.4 Summary
8(1)
References
8(1)
2. Oxidative stress in plants and animals 9(16)
D.C. Close and A.E. Hagerman
2.1 Introduction
9(2)
2.2 Sources of oxidative stress in plants
11(1)
2.3 Sources of oxidative stress in animals
11(1)
2.4 Similar consequences of oxidative stress for plants and animals
11(1)
2.5 Environmental factors inducing oxidative stress
12(1)
2.6 Irradiation
12(2)
2.7 Temperature extremes
14(1)
2.8 Pollutants and toxic chemicals
15(2)
2.9 Nutrient stress
17(1)
2.10 Anoxia
18(1)
2.11 Disease
19(1)
2.12 Summary
20(1)
References
20(5)
3. The exercise continuum 25(10)
R.L. Wiley
3.1 Introduction
25(2)
3.2 Isometric exercise
27(1)
3.3 Isotonic exercise
28(3)
3.4 The exercise continuum
31(3)
3.5 Summary
34(1)
References
34(1)
4. Oxidative stress and muscle size, type, and action 35(24)
H.M. Alessio
4.1 Introduction
35(1)
4.2 Oxidative stress in large and small muscles
36(4)
4.3 Metabolism and oxidative stress in small and large animals
40(2)
4.4 Radical damage and damage control in DNA
42(1)
4.5 Muscle type and oxidative stress
43(4)
4.6 Muscle remodeling and oxidative stress
47(2)
4.7 Oxidative stress and muscle action
49(4)
4.8 Aging and muscle action
53(3)
4.9 Summary
56(1)
References
57(2)
5. Oxidative stress across the exercise continuum 59(26)
H.M. Alessio
5.1 Introduction
59(1)
5.2 Muscle contractions and reactive oxygen species
60(1)
5.3 Age and exercise-induced ROS
61(1)
5.4 ROS in aerobic and anaerobic environments
61(1)
5.5 Muscle damage and ROS
62(1)
5.6 Isometric exercise and oxidative stress
63(2)
5.7 Isometric exercise and ROS
65(2)
5.8 Exercise, hypoxia, and oxidative stress
67(1)
5.9 Resistance exercise and oxidative stress
68(2)
5.10 Sprint exercise and oxidative stress
70(1)
5.11 Contact sports and oxidative stress
71(2)
5.12 Aerobic exercise and oxidative stress
73(2)
5.13 Cross-training sports and oxidative stress
75(7)
5.14 Summary
82(1)
References
82(3)
6. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense: Effects of aging and exercise 85(24)
L.L. Ji.
6.1 Introduction
85(1)
6.2 ROS generation with aging and exercise
86(4)
6.3 ROS generation and inflammation
90(2)
6.4 Age-related changes in antioxidant systems
92(3)
6.5 Antioxidant response and adaptation to exercise
95(3)
6.6 Exercise and antioxidant signaling
98(4)
6.7 Training adaptation in aging skeletal muscle
102(2)
6.8 Aging, exercise, and phytochemical supplementation
104(1)
6.9 Summary
105(1)
References
105(4)
7. Muscle, oxidative stress and aging 109(16)
J.S. Moylan, W.J. Durham, and M.B. Reid
7.1 Introduction
109(1)
7.2 Redox balance and aging: ROS and NO
110(3)
7.3 Antioxidants
113(1)
7.4 Aging, redox signaling and muscle function and contractile function
114(3)
7.5 Gene expression
117(1)
7.6 Perturbing the system: Effects of nutrition
118(1)
7.7 Perturbing the system: Effects of cytokines
119(1)
7.8 Perturbing the system: Effects of training
120(1)
7.9 Summary
121(1)
References
122(3)
8. Aging, exercise, antioxidants, and cardioprotection 125(20)
J. Quindry and S. Powers
8.1 Introduction
125(1)
8.2 Overview of myocardial IR injury
126(1)
8.3 Myocardial IR: Necrotic and apoptotic cell death
127(1)
8.4 Oxidative stress and myocardial IR
128(3)
8.5 Calcium overload and myocardial IR
131(1)
8.6 Senescence and increased susceptibility of the myocardium to IR injury
132(1)
8.7 Exercise-induced protection against myocardial IR injury
133(1)
8.8 Mechanisms for exercise-induced cardioprotection
134(1)
8.9 Exercise and Collateral Coronary Circulation
134(2)
8.10 Exercise, heat shock proteins, and myocardial IR injury
136(1)
8.11 Exercise, antioxidant capacity, and myocardial IR injury
137(2)
8.12 Exercise, calcium overload, and myocardial IR injury
139(1)
8.13 Exercise, age, and cardioprotection against IR-induced apoptosis
139(1)
8.14 Exercise-induced cardioprotection: future directions
140(1)
8.15 Summary
141(1)
References
142(3)
9. Genetic expressions: Oxidative stress, exercise, and aging 145(24)
N.B. Schweitzer and H.M. Alessio
9.1 Introduction
145(3)
9.2 Gene expression and aging
148(1)
9.3 Factors involved in aging and cell death
149(2)
9.4 Skeletal muscle aging
151(2)
9.5 Oxidative stress and gene regulation
153(1)
9.6 Reactive oxygen species control gene expression
153(2)
9.7 Advances in gene investigation
155(1)
9.8 Gene expression and environment
156(1)
9.9 High density oligonucleotide arrays
156(2)
9.10 Gene expression and exercise
158(4)
9.11 Exercise and lifespan
162(1)
9.12 Gene expression in sedentary aged animals
163(1)
9.13 Oxidative stress in genes: A shared mechanism in exercise and aging
164(3)
9.14 Summary
167(1)
References
167(2)
Index 169

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