| Geographic Contents |
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xiii | |
| Topical Contents |
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xvii | |
| Preface |
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xxix | |
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Prologue: Primary Sources and How We Read Them |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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Primary Sources: Their Value and Limitations |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (9) |
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``With the Royal Standard Unfurled'' |
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Christopher Columbus, A Letter Concerning Recently Discovered Islands |
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7 | (7) |
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Interpreting Columbus's Letter |
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14 | (4) |
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18 | (2) |
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An Anonymous Woodcut of 1511 |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | |
| Part One The Ancient World |
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1 | (176) |
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5 | (37) |
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Mesopotamia: The Land of Two Rivers |
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6 | (10) |
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The Search for Eternal Life in Mesopotamia |
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7 | (5) |
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Bringing Order to an Uncertain World |
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The Judgments of Hammurabi |
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12 | (4) |
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Egypt: The River of Two Lands |
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16 | (9) |
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The Search for Eternal Life in Egypt |
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17 | (5) |
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Making a Living in Ancient Egypt |
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22 | (3) |
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China: The Land of the Yellow River |
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25 | (6) |
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26 | (2) |
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Zhou Viewed from Above and Below |
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28 | (3) |
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31 | (11) |
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32 | (1) |
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Indus, Mesopotamian, and Cretan Seals |
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33 | (3) |
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Sacred Kingship along the Nile |
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36 | (2) |
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38 | (4) |
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Newcomers: From Nomads to Settlers |
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42 | (22) |
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43 | (10) |
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Life, Death, and the Gods in Aryan India |
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44 | (4) |
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A Journey to the Underworld |
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48 | (5) |
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The Hebrews and Their Neighbors |
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53 | (11) |
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Establishing a Covenant with Humanity |
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54 | (4) |
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Establishing a Covenant with the Chosen People |
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58 | (3) |
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Keeping and Breaking the Covenant |
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61 | (3) |
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Transcendental Reality: Developing the Spiritual Traditions of India and Southwest Asia: 800--200 B.C.E. |
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64 | (29) |
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The Emergence of Brahminical Hinduism |
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66 | (7) |
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The Hindu Search for Divine Reality |
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67 | (3) |
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Dharma: The Imperative of Caste Law |
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70 | (3) |
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Challengers of Caste: The Mahavira and the Buddha |
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73 | (12) |
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A Call to the Heroic Life |
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74 | (3) |
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The Path to Enlightenment |
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77 | (4) |
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Admitting Women to the Mendicant Life |
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81 | (4) |
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Persians, Israelites, and Their Gods |
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85 | (8) |
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The Struggle between Good and Evil |
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85 | (4) |
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A New Covenant for All Peoples |
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89 | (4) |
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The Secular Made Sacred: Developing the Humanistic Traditions of China and Hellas: 600--200 B.C.E. |
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93 | (39) |
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China: Thought in Search of Harmony |
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94 | (15) |
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Daoism: The Way That Is and Is Not |
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Laozi, The Classic of the Way and Virtue |
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96 | (3) |
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Confucianism: The Way of the Superior Man |
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99 | (4) |
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Legalism in Theory and Practice: The Way of the State |
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Han Fei, The Writings of Master Han Fei and Sima Qian, The Records of the Grand Historian |
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103 | (3) |
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Yin and Yang and the Dao of Good Health |
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The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine |
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106 | (3) |
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Hellenic Civilization: A Rational Inquiry into Life |
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109 | (23) |
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Hippocrates, On the Sacred Disease |
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110 | (3) |
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Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War |
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113 | (6) |
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119 | (4) |
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Socrates and the Laws of Athens |
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123 | (5) |
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Three Hellenic Works of Art |
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128 | (4) |
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Regional Empires and Afro-Eurasian Interchange: 300 B.C.E.--500 C.E. |
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132 | (45) |
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134 | (12) |
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Images of the Hellenistic World |
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Four Hellenistic Sculptures |
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135 | (4) |
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Rome Viewed from the Underworld |
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139 | (3) |
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Three Women in the Age of the Pax Romana |
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142 | (4) |
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146 | (9) |
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Establishing an Imperial Confucian Academy |
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Sima Qian, The Records of the Grand Historian |
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147 | (4) |
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A Woman's Place as Viewed by a Female Confucian |
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Ban Zhao, Lessons for Women |
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151 | (4) |
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India in the Age of Empires |
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155 | (13) |
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The Softening Effects of Dharma |
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Asoka, Rock and Pillar Edicts |
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156 | (4) |
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Sacred Law in Classical India |
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160 | (4) |
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Gupta India as Viewed by a Chinese Monk |
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Faxian, Travels in India and Ceylon |
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164 | (4) |
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Long-Distance Travel and Exchange |
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168 | (9) |
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169 | (3) |
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The Transit of Images along Trade Routes |
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172 | (5) |
| Part Two Faith, Devotion, and Salvation: Great World Religions to 1500 C.E. |
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177 | (88) |
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New Developments in Three Ancient Religions |
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179 | (22) |
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Hinduism: The Way of Devotion |
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180 | (5) |
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181 | (1) |
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Shiva, Auspicious Destroyer |
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182 | (3) |
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Mahayana Buddhism: A Religion of Infinite Compassion |
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185 | (7) |
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Perceiver of the World's Sounds: A Universal Bodhisattva |
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186 | (3) |
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189 | (3) |
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192 | (9) |
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Flavius Josephus, Against Apion |
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193 | (3) |
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Persecution and Messianic Hope |
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Maimonides, Letter to Yemen |
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196 | (5) |
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Christianity: Conquering the World for Christ |
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201 | (28) |
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The Foundations of Christianity |
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202 | (6) |
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Becoming Spiritually Perfect |
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The Gospel of Saint Matthew |
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203 | (2) |
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The Path to Righteousness: The Law or Faith? |
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Saint Paul, The Epistle to the Romans |
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205 | (3) |
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Christianity and the Roman World |
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208 | (14) |
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Persecution and Deliverance |
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Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History |
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209 | (5) |
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214 | (3) |
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217 | (2) |
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The Origins of Christian Monasticism |
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Saint Ephraem of Edessa, The Life of Saint Mary the Harlot |
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219 | (3) |
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Religious Exchange and Interchange |
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222 | (7) |
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Gnostic Christianity: The Secret Knowledge of Jesus |
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222 | (3) |
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Manichaeism: Enlightening the World |
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The Parable about the World-Ocean |
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225 | (4) |
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Islam: Universal Submission to God |
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229 | (36) |
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The Foundations of Islamic Life |
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231 | (15) |
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232 | (5) |
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Imam Nawawi, Gardens of the Righteous |
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237 | (4) |
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Muhammad's Night Journey and Ascent to Heaven |
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Muhammad ibn Ishaq, The Life of the Messenger of God |
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241 | (3) |
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Ibn Abi Zayd al-Kayrawani, The Treatise on Law |
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244 | (2) |
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Variety and Unity in Islam |
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246 | (8) |
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God's Martyrs: The Party of Ali |
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Ibn Bahawayh al-Saduq, Creed Concerning the Imams |
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246 | (3) |
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Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali, The Alchemy of Happiness |
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249 | (2) |
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An African Pilgrim to Mecca |
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Mahmud Kati, The Chronicle of the Seeker |
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251 | (3) |
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254 | (11) |
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Ibn Muslama's Pact with the Christians of Tiflis and The Pact of Umar |
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255 | (2) |
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The Jewish Community of Twelfth-Century Baghdad |
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Benjamin of Tudela, Book of Travels |
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257 | (3) |
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Fourteenth-Century Hindu Dhimmis |
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The Deeds of Sultan Firuz Shah |
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260 | (5) |
| Part Three Continuity, Change, and Interchange: 500--1500 |
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265 | (146) |
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Asia: Change in the Context of Tradition |
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267 | (64) |
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Japan: Creating a Distinctive Civilization |
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268 | (13) |
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History in Service to State-Building |
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Yasumara, Preface to Records of Ancient Matters |
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269 | (3) |
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An Aristocratic Woman in Eleventh-Century Japan |
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272 | (4) |
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Chronicle of the Grand Pacification |
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276 | (5) |
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China: The Ages of Tang and Song |
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281 | (15) |
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Open to the Word: Christianity in Tang China |
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283 | (4) |
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287 | (2) |
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The Dao of Agriculture in Song China |
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289 | (3) |
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Thirteenth-Century Hangzhou |
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A Record of Musings on the Eastern Capital |
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292 | (4) |
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Buddhism in East Asia: Acceptance, Rejection, and Accommodation |
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296 | (11) |
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A Conflict of Values: Foreign Religions in Late Tang China |
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Memorial on Buddhism, and Emperor Tang Wuzong, Proclamation Ordering the Destruction of the Buddhist Monasteries |
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297 | (4) |
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The Neo-Confucian Response to Buddhism |
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Conversations of Master Zhu, Arranged Topically |
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301 | (4) |
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305 | (2) |
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Southwest Asia: Crossroads of The Afro-Eurasian World |
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307 | (13) |
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The Merits of the Turks and of the Imperial Army as a Whole |
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308 | (3) |
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The Arrival of the Franks |
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311 | (4) |
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A Thousand and One Arabian Nights |
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315 | (5) |
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India: Continuity and Change |
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320 | (11) |
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Islam and Hindu Civilization: Cultures in Conflict |
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321 | (4) |
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Dandin, Tales of the Ten Princes |
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325 | (3) |
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328 | (3) |
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Two Christian Civilizations: Byzantium and Western Europe |
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331 | (45) |
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Justinian the Great: The First Byzantine Emperor |
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333 | (11) |
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Two Imperial Portraits: Justinian and Theodora |
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The Mosaics of San Vitale |
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334 | (4) |
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Justinian: God's Deputy or a Devil? |
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Procopius, On the Buildings and The Secret History |
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338 | (6) |
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Charles the Great: Europe's First Emperor |
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344 | (7) |
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A Papal Portrait: Leo III and Charles the Great |
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Pope Leo III's Lateran Mosaic |
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344 | (2) |
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A Carolingian Vision of Reality |
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Charles the Great, A Letter to Pope Leo III and The Capitulary on the Missi |
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346 | (5) |
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Constantinople and Rome: Beacons of Christianity |
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351 | (7) |
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Bringing Christianity to the Rus' |
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The Russian Primary Chronicle |
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351 | (4) |
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Bringing Christianity to the Magyars |
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Letter to Saint Stephen of Hungary |
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355 | (3) |
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A Conflict of Authorities |
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358 | (7) |
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A Papal Rejoinder to the Byzantine Emperor |
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Pope Innocent III, Solitae |
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358 | (4) |
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John of Paris, A Treatise on Royal and Papal Power |
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362 | (3) |
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Byzantium and the West in the Age of the Crusades: The Dividing of Christendom |
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365 | (11) |
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The West and the First Crusade from a Byzantine Perspective |
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366 | (3) |
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The Fourth Crusade from a Byzantine Perspective |
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Nicetas Choniates, Annals |
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369 | (3) |
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The Fourth Crusade from a Western Perspective |
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Gunther of Pairis, A Constantinopolitan History |
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372 | (4) |
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376 | (35) |
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378 | (14) |
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The Land of Zanj: Tenth-Century East Africa |
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379 | (3) |
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Abu'l-Hasan Ali al-Mas'udi |
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The Land of Ghana: Eleventh-Century Western Sudan |
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The Book of Routes and Realms |
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382 | (4) |
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The Land of Seyon: Fourteenth-Century Ethiopia |
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The Glorious Victories of 'Amda Seyon |
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386 | (4) |
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A Yoruba Woman of Authority? |
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390 | (2) |
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392 | (19) |
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The God Who Descended from the Mountains |
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394 | (2) |
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A Report Concerning the Antiquities of the Indians |
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396 | (6) |
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Quiche Mayan Gods and Monarchs |
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The Book of the Community |
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402 | (3) |
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Governing the Inca Empire |
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Pedro de Cieza de Leon, Chronicles |
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405 | (6) |
| Part Four Travel, Encounter, and Exchange: 1000--1700 |
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411 | (84) |
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Adventurers, Merchants, Diplomats, Pilgrims, and Missionaries: A Half Millennium of Travel and Encounter: 1000--1500 |
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413 | (44) |
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415 | (11) |
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A Chinese View of the World |
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A Description of Foreign Peoples |
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416 | (3) |
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A European View of the World |
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419 | (5) |
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A Korean View of the World |
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424 | (2) |
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Travel in the Age of the Pax Mongolica |
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426 | (19) |
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Traveling among the Mongols |
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William of Rubruck, Journey to the Land of the Tartars |
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426 | (5) |
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431 | (4) |
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A European Missionary Travels to China |
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John of Monte Corvino, Letter to the West |
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435 | (4) |
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A Chinese Traveler among the Khmer |
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Recollections of the Customs of Cambodia |
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439 | (3) |
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Advice for Merchants Traveling to Cathay |
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442 | (3) |
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Travel Beyond the Mongol Ecumene |
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445 | (12) |
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A Moroccan Visitor in Sub-Saharan Africa |
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A Donation to Those Interested in Curiosities |
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445 | (5) |
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Zheng He's Western Voyages |
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The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores |
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450 | (4) |
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The Origins of Portugal's Overseas Empire |
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Games Eannes de Azurara, The Chronicle of Guinea |
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454 | (3) |
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Transoceanic Encounters: 1500--1700 |
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457 | (38) |
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Europeans in the Americas |
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458 | (12) |
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The Battle for Tenochtitlan: An Aztec Perspective |
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General History of the Things of New Spain |
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460 | (5) |
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The ``Mountain of Silver'' and the Mita System |
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Compendium and Description of the West Indies |
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465 | (5) |
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Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa |
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African Reactions to the European Presence |
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470 | (10) |
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An African Voice of Ambivalence? |
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Nazinga Mbemba (Afonso I), Letters to the King of Portugal |
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471 | (3) |
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Images of the Portugues in the Art of Benin |
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A Benin-Portuguese Saltcellar and A Benin Wall Plaque |
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474 | (4) |
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The Economics of the West African Slave Trade |
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A Voyage to New Calabar River in the Year 1699 |
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478 | (2) |
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Chinese and Japanese Reactions to the West |
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480 | (7) |
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481 | (4) |
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Closed Country Edict of 1635 and Exclusion of the Portuguese, 1639 |
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485 | (2) |
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The Great Mughals and the West |
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487 | (8) |
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Dealing with the Faringis |
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488 | (3) |
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Seventeenth-Century Commerce in India |
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491 | (4) |
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| Sources |
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495 | |
Other versions by this Author