Genetics : Analysis of Genes and Genomes,9780763715113

Genetics : Analysis of Genes and Genomes

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Edition: 6th
ISBN13: 9780763715113
ISBN10: 0763715115
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2004-08-01
Publisher(s): Jones & Bartlett
List Price: $172.15

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Summary

Genetics, Sixth Edition is designed for undergraduate genetics courses, including: Principles of Genetics Introduction to Genetics and Genomics Genetics The text's emphasis on molecular genetics also makes it suitable for some undergraduate molecular biology courses.

Table of Contents

Preface
Introduction to Molecular Genetics and Genomics
1(41)
DNA: The Genetic Material
2(6)
Experimental Proof of the Genetic Function of DNA
3(3)
Genetic Role of DNA in Bacteriophage
6(2)
Connection Shear Madness
8(1)
DNA Structure: The Double Helix
8(2)
An Overview of DNA Replication
10(1)
Genes and Proteins
10(6)
Inborn Errors of Metabolism as a Cause of Hereditary Disease
12(2)
Connection The Black Urine Disease
14(1)
Mutant Genes and Defective Proteins
15(1)
Gene Expression: The Central Dogma
16(5)
Transcription
18(1)
Translation
19(1)
The Genetic Code
20(1)
Mutation
21(4)
Protein Folding and Stability
23(2)
Genes and Environment
25(2)
The Molecular Unity of Life
27(15)
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
28(1)
Evolutionary Relationships Among Eukaryotes
28(4)
Genomes and Proteomes
32(1)
Chapter Summary
33(1)
Review the Basics
34(1)
Key Terms in Context
35(1)
Fill-ins
35(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
36(1)
Analysis and Applications
37(3)
Challenge Problems
40(1)
Further Reading
41
Genetics on the Web
38(4)
DNA Structure and DNA Manipulation
42(46)
Genetic Differences Among Individuals
44(2)
DNA Markers as Landmarks in Chromosomes
44(2)
The Molecular Structure of DNA
46(7)
Polynucleotide Chains
46(3)
Base Pairing and Base Stacking
49(2)
Antiparallel Strands
51(1)
Connection The Double Helix
52(1)
DNA Structure as Related to Function
52(1)
The Separation and Identification of Genomic DNA Fragments
53(9)
Restriction Enzymes and Site-Specific DNA Cleavage
54(2)
Gel Electrophoresis
56(2)
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
58(3)
The Southern Blot
61(1)
Selective Replication of Genomic DNA Fragments
62(6)
Constraints on DNA Replication: Primers and 5'-to-3' Strand Elongation
63(1)
The Polymerase Chain Reaction
64(4)
The Terminology of Genetic Analysis
68(1)
Types of DNA Markers Present in Genomic DNA
69(7)
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)
69(1)
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)
70(2)
Connection Origin of the Human Genetic Linkage Map
72(1)
Tandem Repeat Polymorphisms
72(2)
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
74(2)
Applications of DNA Markers
76(12)
Genetic Markers, Genetic Mapping, and ``Disease Genes''
76(1)
Other Uses for DNA Markers
77(1)
Chapter Summary
78(1)
Review the Basics
79(1)
Key Terms in Context
79(1)
Fill-ins
80(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
80(2)
Analysis and Applications
82(5)
Challenge Problems
87(1)
Further Reading
87
Genetics on the Web
82(6)
Transmission Genetics: The Principle of Segregation
88(46)
Morphological and Molecular Phenotypes
90(3)
Segregation of a Single Gene
93(7)
Phenotypic Ratios in the F2 Generation
95(1)
The Principle of Segregation
96(1)
Verification of Segregation
97(1)
Connection What Did Gregor Mendel Think he Discovered?
98(1)
The Testcross and the Backcross
99(1)
Segregation of Two or More Genes
100(5)
The Principle of Independent Assortment
101(1)
The Testcross with Unlinked Genes
102(1)
The Big Experiment
103(2)
Human Pedigree Analysis
105(4)
Characteristics of Dominant and Recessive Inheritance
106(2)
Molecular Markers in Human Pedigrees
108(1)
Pedigrees and Probability
109(3)
Connection Troubadour
110(1)
Mutually Exclusive Possibilities
111(1)
Independent Possibilities
111(1)
Incomplete Dominance and Epistasis
112(7)
Multiple Alleles
112(2)
Human ABO Blood Groups
114(2)
Epistasis
116(3)
Genetic Analysis: Mutant Screens and the Complementation Test
119(15)
The Complementation Test in Gene Identification
120(3)
Why Does the Complementation Test Work?
123(1)
Chapter Summary
124(1)
Review the Basics
125(1)
Key Terms in Context
125(1)
Fill-ins
126(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
126(1)
Analysis and Applications
127(4)
Challenge Problems
131(2)
Further Reading
133
Genetics on the Web
129(5)
Chromosomes and Sex-Chromosome Inheritance
134(42)
The Stability of Chromosome Complements
136(1)
Mitosis
137(3)
Meiosis
140(10)
The First Meiotic Division: Reduction
142(5)
Connection Grasshopper, Grasshopper
147(2)
The Second Meiotic Division: Equation
149(1)
Sex-Chromosome Inheritance
150(9)
Chromosomal Determination of Sex
150(1)
X-linked Inheritance
151(1)
Connection The White-Eyed Male
152(3)
Pedigree Characteristics of Human X-linked Inheritance
155(1)
Heterogametic Females
156(1)
Nondisjunction as Proof of the Chromosome Theory of Heredity
157(1)
Sex Determination in Drosophila
158(1)
Probability in the Prediction of Progeny Distributions
159(3)
Using the Binomial Distribution in Genetics
159(3)
Meaning of the Binomial Coefficient
162(1)
Testing Goodness of Fit to a Genetic Hypothesis
162(14)
The Chi-square Method
162(3)
Are Mendel's Data Too Good to Be True?
165(1)
Connection The Case Against Mendel's Gardener
166(2)
Chapter Summary
168(1)
Review the Basics
168(1)
Key Terms in Context
169(1)
Fill-ins
169(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
170(1)
Analysis and Applications
171(3)
Challenge Problems
174(1)
Further Reading
175
Genetics on the Web
173(3)
Genetic Linkage and Chromosome Mapping
176(46)
Linkage and Recombination of Genes in a Chromosome
178(5)
Coupling versus Repulsion of Syntenic Alleles
180(1)
The Chi-square Test for Linkage
181(1)
Each Pair of Linked Genes Has a Characteristic Frequency of Recombination
182(1)
Recombination in Females versus Males
182(1)
Genetic Mapping
183(11)
Map Distance and Frequency of Recombination
183(5)
Crossing-over
188(1)
Recombination Between Genes Results from a Physical Exchange Between Chromosomes
188(1)
Crossing-over Takes Place at the Four-Strand Stage of Meiosis
189(2)
Multiple Crossovers
191(1)
Connection Genes All in a Row
192(2)
Genetic Mapping in a Three-Point Testcross
194(4)
Chromosome Interference in Double Crossovers
196(1)
Genetic Mapping Functions
197(1)
Genetic Map Distance and Physical Distance
198(1)
Genetic Mapping in Human Pedigrees
198(5)
Maximum Likelihood and Lod Scores
199(1)
Connection Human Gene Map
200(3)
Mapping by Tetrad Analysis
203(7)
Analysis of Unordered Tetrads
203(2)
Genetic Mapping with Unordered Tetrads
205(2)
Analysis of Ordered Tetrads
207(3)
Special Features of Recombination
210(12)
Recombination within Genes
210(1)
Mitotic Recombination
210(2)
Chapter Summary
212(1)
Review the Basics
212(1)
Key Terms in Context
213(1)
Fill-ins
213(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
213(3)
Analysis and Applications
216(4)
Challenge Problems
220(1)
Further Reading
221(1)
Genetics on the Web
221(1)
Molecular Biology of DNA Replication and Recombination
222(38)
Problems of Initiation, Elongation, and Incorporation Error
224(1)
Semiconservative Replication of Double-Stranded DNA
225(9)
The Meselson--Stahl Experiment
225(3)
Connection Replication by Halves
228(1)
Semiconservative Replication of DNA in Chromosomes
228(2)
Theta Replication of Circular DNA Molecules
230(1)
Rolling-Circle Replication
231(1)
Multiple Origins and Bidirectional Replication in Eukaryotes
232(2)
Unwinding, Stabilization, and Stress Relief
234(1)
Initiation by a Primosome Complex
235(1)
Chain Elongation and Proofreading
236(2)
Discontinuous Replication of the Lagging Strand
238(3)
Fragments in the Replication Fork
238(1)
The Joining of Precursor Fragments
239(2)
Terminator Sequencing of DNA
241(4)
The Sequencing Procedure
243(1)
Shotgun Sequencing
243(2)
Clinical Use of Dideoxynucleoside Analogs
245(1)
Molecular Mechanisms of Recombination
245(15)
Gene Conversion and Mismatch Repair
246(1)
The Holliday Model of Recombination
247(4)
Double-Strand Break and Repair Model
251(1)
Connection Happy Holliday
252(1)
Chapter Summary
253(1)
Review the Basics
253(1)
Key Terms in Context
253(1)
Fill-ins
254(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
254(1)
Analysis and Applications
255(3)
Challenge Problems
258(1)
Further Reading
259
Genetics on the Web
258(2)
Molecular Organization of Chromosomes
260(34)
Genome Size and Evolutionary Complexity: The C-Value Paradox
262(1)
The Supercoiling of DNA
263(3)
Topoisomerase Enzymes
265(1)
The Structure of Bacterial Chromosomes
266(1)
The Structure of Eukaryotic Chromosomes
266(6)
The Nucleosome---The Structural Unit of Chromatin
267(1)
The Nucleosome Core Particle
267(2)
Chromosome Territories in the Nucleus
269(2)
Chromosome Condensation
271(1)
Polytene Chromosomes
272(2)
Repetitive Nucleotide Sequences in Eukaryotic Genomes
274(3)
Kinetics of DNA Renaturation
274(3)
Analysis of Genome Size and Repetitive Sequences by Renaturation Kinetics
277(1)
Unique and Repetitive Sequences in Eukaryotic Genomes
277(3)
Connection Post-Genomics Genetics
278(1)
Unique Sequences
279(1)
Highly Repetitive Sequences
279(1)
Middle-Repetitive Sequences
280(1)
Molecular Structure of the Centromere
280(2)
Connection Telomeres: The Beginning of the End
282(1)
Molecular Structure of the Telomere
282(12)
Chapter Summary
286(1)
Review the Basics
287(1)
Key Terms in Context
287(1)
Fill-ins
288(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
288(1)
Analysis and Applications
289(2)
Challenge Problems
291(2)
Further Reading
293
Genetics on the Web
291(3)
Human Karyotypes and Chromosome Behavior
294(50)
The Human Karyotype
296(13)
Standard Karyotypes
297(3)
The Centromere and Chromosome Stability
300(1)
Dosage Compensation of X-linked Genes
301(2)
The Calico Cat
303(1)
Connection Lyonization of an X Chromosome
304(1)
Pseudoautosomal Inheritance
305(1)
Gene Content and Evolution of the Y Chromosome
305(2)
Tracing Human History Through the Y Chromosome
307(3)
Connection The First Human Chromosomal Disorder Identified
310
Chromosome Abnormalities in Human Pregnancies
309(6)
Down Syndrome and Other Viable Trisomies
311(2)
Trisomic Segregation
313(1)
Sex-Chromosome Abnormalities
314(1)
Environmental Effects on Nondisjunction
315(1)
Chromosomal Deletions and Duplications
315(4)
Deletions
315(2)
Duplications
317(1)
Unequal Crossing-Over in Red-Green Color Blindness
318(1)
Genetics of Chromosomal Inversions
319(3)
Paracentric Inversion (Not Including the Centromere)
320(1)
Pericentric Inversion (Including the Centromere)
321(1)
Chromosomal Translocations
322(6)
Reciprocal Translocations
322(2)
Genetic Mapping of a Translocation Breakpoint
324(1)
Robertsonian Translocations
325(2)
Translocations and Trisomy 21
327(1)
Translocation Complexes in Oenothera
327(1)
Genomic Position Effects on Gene Expression
328(1)
Polyploidy in Plant Evolution
329(6)
Sexual Versus Asexual Polyploidization
331(1)
Autopolyploids and Allopolyploids
332(2)
Monoploid Oganisms
334(1)
Genome Evolution in the Grass Family (Gramineae)
335(9)
Chapter Summary
336(1)
Review the Basics
337(1)
Key Terms in Context
337(1)
Fill-ins
338(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
338(1)
Analysis and Applications
339(3)
Challenge Problems
342(1)
Further Reading
343
Genetics on the Web
342(2)
Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses
344(54)
Mobile DNA
346(7)
Plasmids
346(1)
The F Plasmid: A Conjugative Plasmid
347(1)
Insertion Sequences and Transposons
348(1)
Mobilization of Nonconjugative Plasmids
349(1)
Integrons and Antibiotic-Resistance Cassettes
350(3)
Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
353(1)
Bacterial Genetics
353(1)
Mutant Phenotypes
353(1)
Mechanisms of Genetic Exchange
354(1)
DNA-Mediated Transformation
354(2)
Conjugation
356(9)
Cointegrate Formation and Hfr Cells
356(3)
Time-of-Entry Mapping
359(5)
F' Plasmids
364(1)
Connection The Sex Life of Bacteria
365(1)
Transduction
365(4)
The Phage Lytic Cycle
365(1)
Generalized Transduction
365(4)
Connection Origin of Phage Genetics
369(1)
Bacteriophage Genetics
369(9)
Plaque Formation and Phage Mutants
370(1)
Genetic Recombination in the Lytic Cycle
371(1)
Genetic and Physical Maps of Phage T4
371(3)
Fine Structure of the rll Gene in Bacteriophage T4
374(4)
Lysogeny and Specialized Transduction
378(20)
Site-Specific Recombination and Lysogeny
379(3)
Connection Artoo
382(4)
Specialized Transduction
386(1)
Chapter Summary
387(1)
Review the Basics
388(1)
Key Terms in Context
389(1)
Fill-ins
389(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
390(1)
Analysis and Applications
391(4)
Challenge Problems
395(2)
Further Reading
397
Genetics on the Web
394(4)
Molecular Biology of Gene Expression
398(46)
Amino Acids, Polypeptides, and Proteins
400(3)
Connection One Gene, One Enzyme
402(1)
Colinearity Between Coding Sequences and Polypeptides
403(1)
Transcription
403(6)
Overview of RNA Synthesis
403(1)
Types of RNA Polymerase
404(2)
Mechanism of Transcription
406(2)
Genetic Evidence for Promoters and Terminators
408(1)
Connection Messenger ``Light''
409(1)
Messenger RNA
409(1)
RNA Processing in Eukaryotes
410(7)
5' Capping and 3' Polyadenylation
410(1)
Splicing of Intervening Sequences
410(1)
Characteristics of Human Transcripts
410(2)
Coupling of Transcription and RNA Processing
412(1)
Mechanism of RNA Splicing
413(2)
Effects of Intron Mutations
415(1)
Exon Shuffle in the Origin of New Genes
416(1)
Translation
417(8)
Nonsense-Mediated Decay
417(1)
Initiation by mRNA Scanning
418(3)
Elongation
421(1)
Release
422(1)
Protein Folding and Chaperones
423(2)
Complex Translation Units
425(3)
Polysomes
425(1)
Polycistronic mRNA
426(1)
Connection Poly-U
427(1)
The Standard Genetic Code
428(16)
Genetic Evidence for a Triplet Code
428(2)
How the Code Was Cracked
430(1)
Features of the Standard Code
431(1)
Transfer RNA and Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Enzymes
431(1)
Redundancy and Wobble
432(1)
Nonsense Suppression
433(2)
Chapter Summary
435(1)
Review the Basics
436(1)
Key Terms in Context
436(1)
Fill-ins
437(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
437(1)
Analysis and Applications
438(3)
Challenge Problems
441(1)
Further Reading
441(1)
Genetics on the Web
442(2)
Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation
444(56)
Transcriptional Regulation in Prokaryotes
446(2)
Inducible and Repressible Systems of Negative Regulation
446(2)
Positive Regulation
448(1)
The Operon System of Gene Regulation
448(10)
Lac Mutants
448(1)
Inducible and Constitutive Synthesis and Repression
449(1)
The Repressor
450(1)
The Operator Region
451(1)
The Promoter Region
451(1)
The Operon System of Transcriptional Regulation
451(2)
Positive Regulation of the Lactose Operon
453(2)
Regulation of the Tryptophan Operon
455(1)
Connection Operator? Operator?
456(2)
Regulation Through Transcription Termination
458(4)
Attenuation
458(2)
Riboswitches
460(2)
Regulation in Bacteriophage Lambda
462(2)
Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
464(13)
Galactose Metabolism in Yeast
464(2)
Transcriptional Activator Proteins
466(1)
Transcriptional Enhancers and Transcriptional Silencers
467(1)
Deletion Scanning
468(2)
The Eukaryotic Transcription Complex
470(2)
Chromatin-Remodeling Complexes
472(3)
Alternative Promoters
475(2)
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Transcriptional Regulation
477(4)
Cytosine Methylation
477(1)
Methylation and Transcriptional Inactivation
478(1)
Cosuppression Through Transcriptional Silencing
478(1)
Genomic Imprinting in the Female and Male Germ Lines
479(2)
Regulation Through RNA Processing and Decay
481(2)
Alternative Splicing
481(1)
Messenger RNA Stability
482(1)
Cosuppression Through RNA Turnover
482(1)
RNA Interference (RNAi)
482(1)
Translational Control
483(2)
Small Regulatory RNAs Controlling Translation
483(2)
Programmed DNA Rearrangements
485(15)
Gene Amplification
485(1)
Antibody and T-Cell Receptor Variability
485(3)
Mating-Type Interconversion
488(1)
Transcriptional Control of Mating Type
489(1)
Connection Sex-Change Operations
490(2)
Chapter Summary
492(1)
Review the Basics
493(1)
Key Terms in Context
493(1)
Fill-ins
494(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
494(1)
Analysis and Applications
495(3)
Challenge Problems
498(1)
Further Reading
499
Genetics on the Web
498(2)
Genomics, Proteomics, and Transgenics
500(50)
Site-Specific DNA Cleavage and Cloning Vectors
502(4)
Production of DNA Fragments with Defined Ends
502(2)
Recombinant DNA Molecules
504(1)
Plasmid, Lambda, and Cosmid Vectors
505(1)
Cloning Strategies
506(5)
Joining DNA Fragments
507(1)
Insertion of a Particular DNA Molecule Into a Vector
508(1)
The Use of Reverse Transcriptase: cDNA and RT-PCR
509(2)
Detection of Recombinant Molecules
511(3)
Gene Inactivation in the Vector Molecule
511(2)
Screening for Particular Recombinants
513(1)
Positional Cloning
514(1)
Genomics and Proteomics
514(16)
Electrophoretic Separation of Large DNA Fragments
514(3)
Cloning of Large DNA Fragments
517(1)
Connection The Human Genome Sequence
518(1)
Physical Mapping
518(3)
Genomic Sequencing
521(3)
Gene-Expression Microarrays
524(5)
Two-Hybrid Analysis of Protein Interactions
529(1)
Transgenic Organisms
530(8)
Germ-Line Transformation in Animals
530(2)
Connection Hello, Dolly!
532(2)
Genetic Engineering in Plants
534(1)
Transformation Rescue
535(1)
Site-Directed Mutagenesis and Knockout Mutations
536(2)
Some Applications of Genetic Engineering
538(12)
Giant Salmon with Engineered Growth Hormone
538(1)
Nutritionally Engineered Rice
539(1)
Production of Useful Proteins
540(1)
Genetic Engineering with Animal Viruses
540(1)
Chapter Summary
541(1)
Review the Basics
542(1)
Key Terms in Context
542(1)
Fill-ins
543(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
543(1)
Analysis and Applications
544(4)
Challenge Problems
548(1)
Further Reading
549
Genetics on the Web
546(4)
Genetic Control of Development
550(42)
Genetic Determinants of Development
552(1)
Early Embryonic Development in Animals
552(6)
Autonomous Development and Intercellular Signaling
554(2)
Composition and Organization of Oocytes
556(1)
Early Development and Activation of the Zygotic Genome
557(1)
Genetic Analysis of Development in the Nematode
558(7)
Analysis of Cell Lineages
558(1)
Mutations Affecting Cell Lineages
559(1)
Types of Lineage Mutations
559(1)
Connection Distinguished Lineages
560(2)
Loss-of-Function and Gain-of-Function Alleles
562(3)
Genetic Control of Development in Drosophila
565(15)
Maternal-Effect Genes and Zygotic Genes
568(1)
Genetic Basis of Pattern Formation in Early Development
569(2)
Coordinate Genes
571(1)
Connection Embryo Genesis
572(1)
Gap Genes
573(1)
Pair-Rule Genes
573(1)
Segment-Polarity Genes
574(1)
Interactions in the Regulatory Hierarchy
574(2)
Metamorphosis of the Adult Fly
576(2)
Homeotic Genes
578(1)
HOX Genes in Evolution
579(1)
Genetic Control of Development in Higher Plants
580(12)
Flower Development in Arabidopsis
581(1)
Combinatorial Determination of the Floral Organs
582(2)
Chapter Summary
584(1)
Review the Basics
585(1)
Key Terms in Context
586(1)
Fill-ins
586(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
586(1)
Analysis and Applications
587(3)
Challenge Problems
590(1)
Further Reading
591
Genetics on the Web
588(4)
Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair
592(50)
Types of Mutations
594(2)
Germ-Line and Somatic Mutations
594(1)
Conditional Mutations
595(1)
Classification by Function
595(1)
The Molecular Basis of Mutation
596(10)
Nucleotide Substitutions
596(2)
Missense Mutations: The Example of Sickle-Cell Anemia
598(2)
Insertions, Deletions, and Frameshift Mutations
600(1)
Dynamic Mutation of Trinucleotide Repeats
601(3)
Cytosine Methylation and Gene Inactivation
604(1)
Connection Her Feeling for the Organism
605(1)
Transposable Elements
606(6)
Molecular Mechanisms of Transposition
606(3)
Transposable Elements as Agents of Mutation
609(1)
Transposable Elements in the Human Genome
610(2)
RIP: A Defense Against Transposons
612(1)
Spontaneous Mutation
612(5)
The Nonadaptive Nature of Mutation
613(1)
Estimation of Mutation Rates
614(2)
Hot Spots of Mutation
616(1)
Mutagens
617(9)
Depurination
618(1)
Deamination
619(1)
Base-Analog Mutagens
619(1)
Chemical Agents That Modify DNA
620(1)
Intercalating Agents
621(1)
Ultraviolet Irradiation
621(1)
Ionizing Radiation
622(1)
Connection X-Ray Daze
623(1)
Genetic Effects of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident
624(2)
Mechanisms of DNA Repair
626(6)
Mismatch Repair
627(2)
Connection Replication Slippage in Unstable Repeats
629(1)
AP Repair
630(1)
Photoreactivation
630(1)
Excision Repair
630(1)
Postreplication Repair
631(1)
The SOS Repair System
632(1)
Reverse Mutations and Suppressor Mutations
632(10)
Intragenic Suppression
633(1)
Intergenic Suppression
634(1)
The Ames Test for Mutagen/Carcinogen Detection
634(1)
Chapter Summary
635(1)
Review the Basics
636(1)
Key Terms in Context
636(1)
Fill-ins
637(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
637(1)
Analysis and Applications
638(2)
Challenge Problems
640(1)
Further Reading
641
Genetics on the Web
640(2)
Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and Cancer
642(44)
The Cell Cycle
644(4)
Key Events in the Cell Cycle
644(2)
Transcriptional Program of the Cell Cycle
646(2)
Genetic Analysis of the Cell Cycle
648(2)
Mutations Affecting Progression Through the Cell Cycle
648(2)
Progression Through the Cell Cycle
650(6)
Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinases
650(2)
Connection Cycle-Ops
652(1)
Targets of the Cyclin--CDK Complexes
652(1)
Triggers for the G1/S and G2/M Transitions
653(2)
Protein Degradation Helps Regulate the Cell Cycle
655(1)
Checkpoints in the Cell Cycle
656(8)
The DNA Damage Checkpoint
656(4)
Connection Sick of Telomeres
660(1)
The Centrosome Duplication Checkpoint
661(1)
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
661(2)
The Spindle Position Checkpoint
663(1)
Cancer Cells
664(5)
Oncogenes and Proto-Oncogenes
666(2)
Tumor-Suppressor Genes
668(1)
Hereditary Cancer Syndromes
669(6)
Defects in Cell-Cycle Regulation and Checkpoints
670(3)
Defects in DNA Repair
673(1)
Connection Two Hits, Two Errors
674(1)
Genetics of the Acute Leukemias
675(11)
Chapter Summary
676(1)
Review the Basics
677(1)
Key Terms in Context
678(1)
Fill-ins
678(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
678(1)
Analysis and Applications
679(5)
Challenge Problems
684(1)
Further Reading
685
Genetics on the Web
683(3)
Mitochondrial DNA and Extranuclear Inheritance
686(30)
Patterns of Extranuclear Inheritance
688(4)
Mitochondrial Genetic Diseases
688(2)
Heteroplasmy
690(1)
Maternal Inheritance and Maternal Effects
691(1)
Tracing Human History Through Mitochondrial DNA
692(2)
Organelle Heredity
694(9)
RNA Editing
695(1)
The Genetic Codes of Organelles
695(1)
Leaf Variegation in Four-O'clock Plants
696(2)
Connection Chlamydomonas Moment
698(1)
Drug Resistance in Chlamydomonas
698(2)
Respiration-Defective Mitochondrial Mutants
700(1)
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Plants
700(3)
The Evolutionary Origin of Organelles
703(1)
Cytoplasmic Transmission of Symbionts
704(3)
Connection A Coming Together
706(1)
Maternal Effect in Snail Shell Coiling
707(9)
Chapter Summary
708(1)
Review the Basics
709(1)
Key Terms in Context
709(1)
Fill-ins
710(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
710(1)
Analysis and Applications
710(4)
Challenge Problems
714(1)
Further Reading
715
Genetics on the Web
712(4)
Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics
716(44)
Molecular Evolution
718(7)
Gene Trees
718(2)
Bootstrapping
720(1)
Gene Trees and Species Trees
720(2)
Rates of Protein Evolution
722(1)
Rates of DNA Evolution
723(1)
Origins of New Genes: Orthologs and Paralogs
724(1)
Population Genetics
725(10)
Allele Frequencies and Genotype Frequencies
725(3)
Random Mating and the Hardy--Weinberg Principle
728(1)
Implications of the Hardy--Weinberg Principle
729(1)
A Test for Random Mating
729(1)
Frequency of Heterozygous Genotypes
730(1)
Multiple Alleles
730(1)
DNA Typing
731(1)
Connection A Yule Message from Dr. Hardy
732(2)
X-Linked Genes
734(1)
Inbreeding
735(5)
The Inbreeding Coefficient
735(2)
Allelic Identity by Descent
737(1)
Calculation of the Inbreeding Coefficient from Pedigrees
738(1)
Effects of Inbreeding
739(1)
Genetics and Evolution
740(1)
Mutation and Migration
740(2)
Irreversible Mutation
741(1)
Reversible Mutation
742(1)
Natural Selection
742(7)
Selection in a Laboratory Experiment
743(1)
Selection in Diploid Organisms
744(1)
Components of Fitness
745(1)
Selection--Mutation Balance
745(1)
Heterozygote Superiority
746(2)
Connection Resistance in the Blood
748(1)
Random Genetic Drift
749(11)
Chapter Summary
751(1)
Review the Basics
752(1)
Key Terms in Context
752(1)
Fill-ins
753(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
753(1)
Analysis and Applications
754(4)
Challenge Problems
758(1)
Further Reading
759
Genetics on the Web
756(4)
The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance
760(36)
Complex Traits
762(3)
Continuous, Categorical, and Threshold Traits
762(1)
The Normal Distribution
763(2)
Causes of Variation
765(6)
Connection A Maize'n Grass
766(1)
Genotypic Variation
767(2)
Environmental Variation
769(1)
Genetics and Environment Combined
769(1)
Genotype-by-Environment Interaction and Association
770(1)
Genetic Analysis of Complex Traits
771(3)
The Number of Genes Affecting Complex Traits
772(1)
Broad-Sense Heritability
773(1)
Twin Studies
773(1)
Artificial Selection
774(4)
Narrow-Sense Heritability
775(1)
Phenotypic Change with Individual Selection: A Prediction Equation
775(1)
Long-Term Artificial Selection
776(1)
Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis
777(1)
Correlation Between Relatives
778(3)
Covariance and Correlation
778(1)
The Geometrical Meaning of a Correlation
779(1)
Estimation of Narrow-Sense Heritability
780(1)
Heritabilities of Threshold Traits
781(1)
Identification of Genes Affecting Complex Traits
782(14)
Linkage Analysis in the Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci
783(1)
Candidate Genes for Complex Traits
784(1)
Connection Win, Place, or Show?
785(2)
Chapter Summary
787(1)
Review the Basics
787(1)
Key Terms in Context
788(1)
Fill-ins
788(1)
Guide to Problem Solving
789(1)
Analysis and Applications
790(2)
Challenge Problems
792(3)
Further Reading
795
Genetics on the Web
794(2)
Answers to Even-Numbered Problems 796(19)
Word Roots 815(3)
Concise Dictionary of Genetics 818(25)
Index 843

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