Preface |
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xvii | |
Control Point Icons |
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xx | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxi | |
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Food Safety and Sanitation Management |
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2 | (18) |
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2 | (2) |
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New Challenges Present New Opportunities |
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4 | (1) |
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Food Safety--Why All the Fuss? |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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Changing Trends in Food Consumption and Choices |
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6 | (1) |
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The Problem: Foodborne Illness |
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7 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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Microorganisms (Germs or Microbes) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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A New Approach to an Old Problem |
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10 | (1) |
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Facility Planning and Design |
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11 | (1) |
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Keeping It Clean and Sanitary |
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11 | (1) |
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Accident Prevention and Crisis Management |
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12 | (1) |
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Education and Training Are Key to Food Safety |
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13 | (1) |
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The Role of Government in Food Safety |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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The Role of the Food Industry in Food Safety |
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14 | (1) |
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Food Protection Manager Certification |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (2) |
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18 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (42) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (4) |
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25 | (2) |
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Spoilage and Disease-Causing Bacteria |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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What Disease-Causing Bacteria Need in Order to Multiply |
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28 | (5) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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Potentially Hazardous Foods (PHF) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Bacteria |
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35 | (11) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Sporeforming Bacteria |
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35 | (2) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Non-Sporeforming Bacteria |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (3) |
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Non-Sporeforming Bacteria |
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40 | (6) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Viruses |
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46 | (2) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Parasites |
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48 | (4) |
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52 | (1) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Chemicals |
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53 | (4) |
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Naturally Occurring Chemicals |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (4) |
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57 | (1) |
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Foodborne Illness Caused by Physical Hazards |
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57 | (2) |
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Problems in Other Countries Related to Food |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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61 | (1) |
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Factors That Affect Foodborne Illness |
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62 | (28) |
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62 | (3) |
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Factors That Contribute to Foodborne Illness |
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65 | (1) |
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What Is Time and Temperature Abuse? |
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65 | (7) |
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How to Measure Food Temperatures |
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67 | (3) |
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When and How to Calibrate a Thermometer |
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70 | (1) |
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Measuring Food Temperature |
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70 | (2) |
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Preventing Temperature Abuse |
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72 | (3) |
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Keep Cold Foods Cold and Hot Foods Hot! |
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75 | (2) |
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76 | (1) |
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The Importance of Handwashing and Good Personal Hygiene |
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77 | (6) |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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Outer Clothing and Apparel |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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Other Sources of Contamination |
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85 | (1) |
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Make Sure the Work Area Is Clean and Sanitary |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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89 | (1) |
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Following the Food Product Flow |
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90 | (44) |
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90 | (2) |
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Buying from Approved Sources |
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92 | (1) |
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Inspecting Delivery Vehicles |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Measuring Temperatures at Receiving and Storage |
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93 | (1) |
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Following the Flow of Food |
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94 | (38) |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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Reduced Oxygen Packaging (ROP) |
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96 | (5) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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Fluid Milk and Milk Products |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (3) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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Storage Conditions for Foods |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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Avoiding Temperature Abuse |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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Frozen, Ready-to-Eat Foods |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (2) |
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Hot-Holding and Reheating |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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Discarding or Reconditioning Food |
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127 | (1) |
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Refilling Returnable Containers |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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Rules for Self-Service Bars: |
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128 | (1) |
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Temporary Facilities and Mobile Food Facilities |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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133 | (1) |
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The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) System |
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134 | (24) |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (2) |
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The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) System |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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The Seven Principles in an HACCP System |
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139 | (14) |
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Principle 1---Hazard Analysis |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (2) |
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Principle 2---Identify Critical Control Points (CCPs) |
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142 | (3) |
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Principle 3---Establish the Critical Limits Which Must Be Met at Each Critical Control Point |
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145 | (5) |
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Principle 4---Establish Procedures to Monitor CCPs |
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150 | (1) |
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Principle 5---Establish the Corrective Action to Be Taken When Monitoring Shows a Critical Limit Has Been Exceeded |
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151 | (1) |
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Principle 6---Establish Procedures to Verify the HACCP System Is Working |
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151 | (1) |
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Principle 7---Establish an Effective Record-Keeping System That Documents the HACCP System |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (1) |
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Roles and Responsibilities under HACCP |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (2) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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157 | (1) |
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Facilities, Equipment, and Utensils |
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158 | (26) |
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158 | (2) |
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Design, Layout, and Facilities |
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160 | (1) |
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Regulatory Considerations |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (3) |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (11) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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Refrigeration and Low-Temperature Storage Equipment |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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Cook-Chill and Rapid-Chill Systems |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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Other Types of Food Equipment |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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Mixers, Grinders, and Choppers |
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172 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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Single-Service and Single-Use Articles |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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Maintenance and Replacement |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (2) |
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Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (2) |
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182 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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183 | (1) |
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Cleaning and Sanitizing Operations |
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184 | (32) |
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184 | (2) |
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Principles of Cleaning and Sanitizing |
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186 | (1) |
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Removal of Food Particles |
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187 | (1) |
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Application of Cleaning Agents |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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Detergents and Cleaners to Be Used |
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190 | (4) |
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192 | (2) |
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194 | (18) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (2) |
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Factors That Affect the Action of Chemical Sanitizers |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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Quaternary Ammonium Compounds |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (1) |
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Mechanical Dishwashing Process |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (3) |
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Cleaning Environmental Areas |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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Equipment and Supplies Used for Cleaning |
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210 | (2) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (2) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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215 | (1) |
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Environmental Sanitation and Maintenance |
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216 | (26) |
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216 | (2) |
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Condition of the Establishment |
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218 | (2) |
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Proper Water Supply and Sewage Disposal System |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (4) |
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Floors, Walls, and Ceilings |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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Plumbing Hazards in Food Establishments |
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224 | (5) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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Methods and Devices to Prevent Backflow |
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225 | (2) |
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Backflow Prevention Devices on Carbonators |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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Garbage and Refuse Sanitation |
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229 | (2) |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (7) |
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231 | (3) |
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234 | (1) |
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Signs of Rodent Infestation |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (2) |
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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Suggested Reading/References |
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241 | (1) |
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Accident Prevention and Crisis Management |
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242 | (20) |
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242 | (2) |
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Safety in Food Establishments |
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244 | (10) |
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What to Do if an Accident Occurs |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (2) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and First Aid for Choking |
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250 | (2) |
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252 | (1) |
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Self-Inspection Safety Checks |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (3) |
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Water Supply Emergency Procedures |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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Foodborne Illness Incident or Outbreak |
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257 | (2) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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Reference/Suggested Readings |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (12) |
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262 | (2) |
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Learners Today Influence Training |
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264 | (1) |
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Current Information and Technical Challenges |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (1) |
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Training Benefits and Barriers |
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266 | (1) |
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Create a Plan for Training |
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266 | (1) |
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What Do Your Trainees Need to Know? |
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267 | (1) |
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Standard Operating Procedures---Federal, State, and Local Rules and Regulations |
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268 | (1) |
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Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point System |
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268 | (1) |
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Set the Stage for Training |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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Measuring Performance Against the Standards |
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270 | (1) |
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271 | (1) |
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Quiz 10 (Multiple Choice) |
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272 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Readings |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (16) |
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274 | (2) |
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State and Local Regulations |
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276 | (2) |
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276 | (2) |
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278 | (3) |
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Other National Food Safety Related Organizations |
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280 | (1) |
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Inspection for Wholesomeness, Grading, and Generally Recognized As Safe |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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283 | (2) |
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Nutrition and Ingredient Labeling |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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Recent Initiatives in Food Safety |
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285 | (2) |
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National Food Safety Initiative |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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Quiz 11 (Multiple Choice) |
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287 | (1) |
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References/Suggested Reading |
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288 | (2) |
Glossary |
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290 | (9) |
Appendix A---Answers to End of Chapter Questions |
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299 | (2) |
Appendix B---Suggested Web Sites |
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301 | (4) |
Appendix C---Summary of Agents That Cause Foodborne Illness |
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305 | (4) |
Appendix D---Employee Health -- Disease or Medical Condition Reportable Conditions and Activities |
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309 | (4) |
Appendix E---Conversion Table for Fahrenheit and Celsius for Common Temperatures Used in Food Establishments |
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313 | (2) |
Appendix F---Specific Elements of Knowledge Every Food Protection Manager Should Know |
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315 | (6) |
Index |
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321 | |