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ix | (8) |
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xvii | (2) |
Series Preface |
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xix | (2) |
Preface |
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xxi | |
PART 1: METEOROLOGICAL BACKGROUND |
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1 | (104) |
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1 South Asia: An Introduction to the Region |
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3 | (18) |
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1.1 Physiographic features of South Asia |
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5 | (4) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.3 Forests and vegetation |
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10 | (2) |
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1.4 Climatic significance |
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12 | (3) |
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1.5 History of South Asian climatic record |
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15 | (3) |
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1.6 Problems of South Asia in the context of global climate change |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (3) |
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2 Tropical General Circulation: South Asian Context |
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21 | (30) |
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2.1 Tropical general circulation |
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22 | (3) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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2.4 Inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) |
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27 | (2) |
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2.5 Subtropical anticyclones |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (5) |
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2.7 Some important upper-air features of tropical circulation |
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35 | (8) |
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2.8 East-west oscillations in the tropical atmosphere |
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43 | (6) |
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2.9 Interaction between mid-latitude and tropical circulation |
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49 | (2) |
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3 Characteristic Features of South Asian Summer Monsoon |
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51 | (28) |
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3.1 Climatological features of summer monsoon circulation |
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51 | (7) |
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3.2 Onset and withdrawal of Indian summer monsoon |
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58 | (12) |
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3.3 Principal rain-bearing systems of the Indian summer monsoon |
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70 | (6) |
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3.4 Break monsoon situations |
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76 | (2) |
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3.5 Intra-seasonal variations in monsoon circulation |
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78 | (1) |
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4 Other Meteorological Features and Systems of South Asia |
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79 | (26) |
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79 | (5) |
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84 | (5) |
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89 | (8) |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (3) |
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103 | (2) |
PART 2: CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS |
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105 | (180) |
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5 Mean Climatology of South Asia |
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107 | (26) |
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5.1 Mean circulation features |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (6) |
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116 | (5) |
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5.5 Climatic classification |
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121 | (3) |
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5.6 Variability of South Asian mean climate |
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124 | (9) |
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133 | (48) |
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6.1 Indian rainfall data sets |
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135 | (7) |
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6.2 Variability of Indian summer monsoon rainfall |
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142 | (17) |
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6.3 Teleconnections of monsoon rainfall |
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159 | (4) |
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6.4 Seasonal forecasting of summer monsoon rainfall |
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163 | (13) |
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6.5 Northeast monsoon rainfall variability |
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176 | (5) |
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7 Temperature Variability |
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181 | (16) |
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7.1 Surface air temperature trends over India |
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182 | (4) |
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7.2 Diurnal asymmetry of surface air temperature trends |
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186 | (5) |
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7.3 Upper-air temperature variations |
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191 | (3) |
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7.4 Possible causal mechanisms |
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194 | (3) |
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8 Regional Climatic Features |
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197 | (72) |
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197 | (22) |
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219 | (6) |
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225 | (4) |
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229 | (10) |
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239 | (16) |
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255 | (2) |
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257 | (7) |
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8.8 Climate of the Himalaya |
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264 | (5) |
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9 The Changing Climate of South Asia: its Environmental Impacts |
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269 | (16) |
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9.1 Geological evolution of South Asia |
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270 | (1) |
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9.2 Glacial and inter-glacial phases in the monsoon climate |
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270 | (2) |
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9.3 Historical accounts of past climate |
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272 | (2) |
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9.4 High-resolution palaeoclimatic reconstructions |
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274 | (6) |
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9.5 Contemporary climatic change |
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280 | (1) |
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9.6 Climate modelling studies |
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280 | (2) |
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9.7 Environmental and economic impacts |
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282 | (3) |
Appendices |
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285 | (14) |
1. All-India monthly and seasonal rainfall (1871-1994) (after Parthasarathy et al., 1995) |
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286 | (4) |
2. Climatological tables of some stations in South Asia |
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290 | (9) |
Bibliography |
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299 | (16) |
Index |
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315 | |