Behavioral Statistics in Action
by Vernoy, MarkEdition: 3rd
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2003-07-22
Publisher(s): McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages
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Summary
Written for students taking their first course in psychological statistics, Vernoy and Kyle's text is considered by many to be the most student-oriented text on the market. Besides a clear and friendly style, the authors avoid digressions of any type, get to the point quickly, provide an abundance of worked examples, visual displays, interim concept quizzes, and other means of reassuring students uncomfortable with math that they are indeed making progress in the course.
Table of Contents
1. AN INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS / Features of the Book / Tips for Doing Well in Statistics: How to Succeed in Statistics by Really Trying / A Note About Notation and Rounding / Hypotheses / Variables / Scales of Measurement / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 2. FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS / Ranked Distributions / Frequency Distributions / Grouped Frequency Distributions / Apparent Limits and Real Limits: What You See Versus What is Meant / Midpoint: The Center of the Class Interval / Visual Summary: Creating a Group Frequency Distribution / Cumulative Frequency / Relative Frequency and Cumulative Relative Frequency / Cumulative Percent / On the Internet: Creating a Grouped Frequency Distribution / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 3. GRAPHS / Basics in Constructing a Graph / Frequency Histogram / Frequency Polygon / Relative Frequency Polygon / Cumulative Frequency Polygon / Cumulative Relative Frequency Polygon / Cumulative Percent Polygon / Stem and Leaf Diagrams / Changing the Shape of a Graph / Summary / Key Terms / Problems 4. MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY / The Mean / The Median / The Mode / Mean, Median, or Mode: A Question of Skew / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 5. MEASURES OF VARIABILITY / The Range / Mean Deviation / The Variance: The Mean of the Squared Deviations / Standard Deviation: The Square Root of the Variance / Computational Formulas / Calculating Variability from Grouped Frequency Distributions / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 6. SCALED SCORES AND STANDARD SCORES: HOW TO CHANGE APPLES INTO ORANGES / Scales Scores / Adding or Subtracting a Constant: No change in Variability / Multiplying or Dividing by a Constant: A Concurrent Change in Mean and Standard Deviation / Standard Scores (z Scores) / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 7. THE NORMAL CURVE / Characteristics of the Normal Curve / Finding Proportions and Percentages / Finding Percentiles / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 8. CORRELATION / The Nature of Correlation / Types of Correlation: How Are Variables Related? / Degree of Correlation: How Strongly Are Variables Related? / The Correlation Coefficient / The Covariance / Computing the Correlation Coefficient / Computational Formulas for the Covariance and Correlation Coefficient / The Significance of the Correlation Coefficient / Interpreting the Correlation Coefficient: What do the Numbers Mean? / Using Table R / The Coefficient of Determination / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References 9. REGRESSION / Making Predictions via Linear Regression / The Regression Line: Faster Predictions / The Standard Error of the EstimateSummary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 10. PROBABILITY THEORY AND SAMPLING / Probability Theory / Sampling / The Standard Error of the Estimate / The Central Limit Theorem / The z Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 11. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN / Developing a Hypothesis / Identifying Variables / Factors in Experimental Design / Important Aspects of Experimental Design / Statistical Significance / Power / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 12. t TESTS / z Tests (A Review) / t Tests / Single-Sample t Tests / t Tests between Two Independent Sample Means / t Tests for Correlated Samples / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
3. GRAPHS / Basics in Constructing a Graph / Frequency Histogram / Frequency Polygon / Relative Frequency Polygon / Cumulative Frequency Polygon / Cumulative Relative Frequency Polygon / Cumulative Percent Polygon / Stem and Leaf Diagrams / Changing the Shape of a Graph / Summary / Key Terms / Problems 4. MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY / The Mean / The Median / The Mode / Mean, Median, or Mode: A Question of Skew / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 5. MEASURES OF VARIABILITY / The Range / Mean Deviation / The Variance: The Mean of the Squared Deviations / Standard Deviation: The Square Root of the Variance / Computational Formulas / Calculating Variability from Grouped Frequency Distributions / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 6. SCALED SCORES AND STANDARD SCORES: HOW TO CHANGE APPLES INTO ORANGES / Scales Scores / Adding or Subtracting a Constant: No change in Variability / Multiplying or Dividing by a Constant: A Concurrent Change in Mean and Standard Deviation / Standard Scores (z Scores) / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 7. THE NORMAL CURVE / Characteristics of the Normal Curve / Finding Proportions and Percentages / Finding Percentiles / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 8. CORRELATION / The Nature of Correlation / Types of Correlation: How Are Variables Related? / Degree of Correlation: How Strongly Are Variables Related? / The Correlation Coefficient / The Covariance / Computing the Correlation Coefficient / Computational Formulas for the Covariance and Correlation Coefficient / The Significance of the Correlation Coefficient / Interpreting the Correlation Coefficient: What do the Numbers Mean? / Using Table R / The Coefficient of Determination / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References 9. REGRESSION / Making Predictions via Linear Regression / The Regression Line: Faster Predictions / The Standard Error of the EstimateSummary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 10. PROBABILITY THEORY AND SAMPLING / Probability Theory / Sampling / The Standard Error of the Estimate / The Central Limit Theorem / The z Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 11. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN / Developing a Hypothesis / Identifying Variables / Factors in Experimental Design / Important Aspects of Experimental Design / Statistical Significance / Power / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 12. t TESTS / z Tests (A Review) / t Tests / Single-Sample t Tests / t Tests between Two Independent Sample Means / t Tests for Correlated Samples / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
5. MEASURES OF VARIABILITY / The Range / Mean Deviation / The Variance: The Mean of the Squared Deviations / Standard Deviation: The Square Root of the Variance / Computational Formulas / Calculating Variability from Grouped Frequency Distributions / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 6. SCALED SCORES AND STANDARD SCORES: HOW TO CHANGE APPLES INTO ORANGES / Scales Scores / Adding or Subtracting a Constant: No change in Variability / Multiplying or Dividing by a Constant: A Concurrent Change in Mean and Standard Deviation / Standard Scores (z Scores) / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 7. THE NORMAL CURVE / Characteristics of the Normal Curve / Finding Proportions and Percentages / Finding Percentiles / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 8. CORRELATION / The Nature of Correlation / Types of Correlation: How Are Variables Related? / Degree of Correlation: How Strongly Are Variables Related? / The Correlation Coefficient / The Covariance / Computing the Correlation Coefficient / Computational Formulas for the Covariance and Correlation Coefficient / The Significance of the Correlation Coefficient / Interpreting the Correlation Coefficient: What do the Numbers Mean? / Using Table R / The Coefficient of Determination / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References 9. REGRESSION / Making Predictions via Linear Regression / The Regression Line: Faster Predictions / The Standard Error of the EstimateSummary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 10. PROBABILITY THEORY AND SAMPLING / Probability Theory / Sampling / The Standard Error of the Estimate / The Central Limit Theorem / The z Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 11. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN / Developing a Hypothesis / Identifying Variables / Factors in Experimental Design / Important Aspects of Experimental Design / Statistical Significance / Power / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 12. t TESTS / z Tests (A Review) / t Tests / Single-Sample t Tests / t Tests between Two Independent Sample Means / t Tests for Correlated Samples / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
7. THE NORMAL CURVE / Characteristics of the Normal Curve / Finding Proportions and Percentages / Finding Percentiles / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 8. CORRELATION / The Nature of Correlation / Types of Correlation: How Are Variables Related? / Degree of Correlation: How Strongly Are Variables Related? / The Correlation Coefficient / The Covariance / Computing the Correlation Coefficient / Computational Formulas for the Covariance and Correlation Coefficient / The Significance of the Correlation Coefficient / Interpreting the Correlation Coefficient: What do the Numbers Mean? / Using Table R / The Coefficient of Determination / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References 9. REGRESSION / Making Predictions via Linear Regression / The Regression Line: Faster Predictions / The Standard Error of the EstimateSummary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 10. PROBABILITY THEORY AND SAMPLING / Probability Theory / Sampling / The Standard Error of the Estimate / The Central Limit Theorem / The z Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 11. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN / Developing a Hypothesis / Identifying Variables / Factors in Experimental Design / Important Aspects of Experimental Design / Statistical Significance / Power / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 12. t TESTS / z Tests (A Review) / t Tests / Single-Sample t Tests / t Tests between Two Independent Sample Means / t Tests for Correlated Samples / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
9. REGRESSION / Making Predictions via Linear Regression / The Regression Line: Faster Predictions / The Standard Error of the EstimateSummary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 10. PROBABILITY THEORY AND SAMPLING / Probability Theory / Sampling / The Standard Error of the Estimate / The Central Limit Theorem / The z Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 11. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN / Developing a Hypothesis / Identifying Variables / Factors in Experimental Design / Important Aspects of Experimental Design / Statistical Significance / Power / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 12. t TESTS / z Tests (A Review) / t Tests / Single-Sample t Tests / t Tests between Two Independent Sample Means / t Tests for Correlated Samples / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
11. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN / Developing a Hypothesis / Identifying Variables / Factors in Experimental Design / Important Aspects of Experimental Design / Statistical Significance / Power / Summary / Key Terms / Problems / References 12. t TESTS / z Tests (A Review) / t Tests / Single-Sample t Tests / t Tests between Two Independent Sample Means / t Tests for Correlated Samples / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems 13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
13. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Analysis of Variance: One Test is Better Than Many / Hypothesis Testing and Analysis of Variance / Conducting an Analysis of Variance / The F Test / Computational Formula for F / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 14. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE / Main Effects / Interaction / Computation of Sums of Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of Degrees of Freedom for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the Mean Squares for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Computation of the F Ratios for Two-Way Analysis of Variance / Significance of the Main Effects / Significance of the Interaction / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / Reference 15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
15. CHI-SQUARE AND OTHER NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS / Chi-Square / The Mann-Whitney U Test / The Wilcoxen T Test / The Kruskal-Wallis Test / Summary / Key Terms / Formulas / Problems / References / APPENDIX A: TablesAPPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
APPENDIX B: Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems
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