American Social Welfare Policy,9780205401826

American Social Welfare Policy

by ;
Edition: 5th
ISBN13: 9780205401826
ISBN10: 0205401821
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2006-01-01
Publisher(s): Allyn & Bacon
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Summary

Now featuring a full-color design, the best-selling text for policy analysis provides students with a comprehensive overview of social welfare policy in the United States while examining cutting-edge issues.

Table of Contents

Preface xix
PART ONE AMERICAN SOCIAL WELFARE POLICY
Social Policy and the American Welfare State
1(24)
Definitions of Social Welfare Policy
2(1)
Social Problems and Social Welfare Policy
3(1)
Social Work and Social Policy
4(1)
Values, Ideology, and Social Welfare Policy
5(1)
The Political Economy of American Social Welfare
6(1)
The U.S. Economic Continuum
6(5)
Keynesian Economics
7(1)
Conservative or Free Market Economics
8(2)
Democratic Socialism
10(1)
The U.S. Political Continuum
11(7)
Liberalism and Left-of-Center Movements
11(4)
Classical Conservatives and the Far Right
15(3)
The Welfare Philosophers and the Neoconservative Think Tanks
18(7)
Conclusion
19(3)
Discussion Questions
22(1)
Notes
22(3)
Social Welfare Policy Research: A Framework for Policy Analysis
25(13)
A Proposed Model for Policy Analysis
28(4)
Historical Background of the Policy
28(2)
Problems That Necessitate the Policy
30(1)
Policy Description
30(1)
Policy Analysis
30(2)
Researching and Analyzing Social Policies
32(6)
Social Policy Research and the Internet
33(1)
Journals and Online Research
33(1)
Online Data Collection
33(1)
Ethical Concerns Related to Online Research Involving Human Subjects
34(1)
Finding and Accessing Online Information
34(1)
Citing and Documenting Information Obtained Online
35(1)
Evaluating Reliable and Legitimate Internet Sources
35(1)
Electronic Journals: An Increasingly Popular Venue
35(1)
Online Publishing
35(1)
Conclusion
36(1)
Discussion Questions
36(1)
Notes
37(1)
Religion and Social Welfare Policy
38(20)
Howard Jacob Karger
Peter A. Kindle
Religious Antecedents of Welfare Statism
39(5)
The English Poor Laws
39(1)
Church, State, and Social Welfare in Colonial America
40(1)
The Second Great Awakening
40(1)
The Civil War Era
41(1)
The Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
42(2)
The Rise of Social Work As a Profession
44(3)
Urban Needs during Industrialization
44(1)
Charity Organization Societies
45(1)
Settlement Houses
45(1)
The Social Casework Agency
46(1)
The Progressive Movement
47(1)
Religion and the Welfare State
47(11)
The Fundamentalist Controversy and Its Aftermath
47(1)
The Great Depression and New Deal
47(1)
Patterns of Religious Change
48(1)
Religion and the New Media
49(1)
Secularization
49(1)
The Reawakening of a Religious Social Conscience and the Great Society
50(1)
The Continuing Decline of Mainline Influence
51(1)
The New Christian Right
51(2)
Conclusion
53(1)
Discussion Questions
54(1)
Notes
54(4)
Discrimination in American Society
58(52)
Discrimination
59(1)
Racism
60(1)
The Minority Middle Class
61(3)
African Americans
64(4)
The Demography of African Americans
64(1)
African Americans in Poverty
64(1)
The ``Diswelfare'' of African Americans
64(4)
Hispanic Americans
68(1)
The Demography of Hispanic Americans
68(1)
Hispanic Poverty and Income
69(1)
Diversity in the Hispanic Population
69(1)
American Indians
69(2)
Asian Americans
71(2)
Immigrants and Immigration
73(2)
Women and Society
75(11)
Violence and Sexism
76(1)
The Feminization of Poverty
76(1)
Women and Low-Income Work
77(1)
Women and Work
78(2)
Income and Job Disparities between Men and Women
80(2)
Day Care: A Barrier to Female Employment
82(1)
Other Obstacles Faced by Working Women
83(1)
Fighting Back: The Equal Rights Amendment and Comparable Worth
84(1)
Abortion and Women's Rights
85(1)
Gays and Lesbians: Two Populations at Risk
86(6)
Violence against Gays and Lesbians
87(1)
Gay Rights
87(1)
Gays and Lesbians in the Military
88(1)
Gay and Lesbian Family Life
89(2)
AIDS and the Gay Community
91(1)
AGEISM
92(2)
Elderly Poverty and Social Programs
92(1)
Health Care and the Elderly
93(1)
People With Disabilities
94(3)
Legal Attempts to Remedy Discrimination
97(13)
Desegregation and the Civil Rights Movement
97(1)
Affirmative Action
97(4)
Conclusion
101(1)
Discussion Questions
102(1)
Notes
102(8)
Poverty in America
110(35)
Some Theoretical Formulations About Poverty
111(2)
The Culture of Poverty
111(1)
Eugenics and Poverty
112(1)
The Radical School and Poverty
113(1)
Who Makes Up the Poor?
113(1)
Measuring Poverty
114(2)
Families and Poverty
116(3)
Child Support Enforcement
117(1)
Children in Poverty
118(1)
Poverty and the Elderly
118(1)
The Urban and Rural Poor
119(1)
Work and Poverty
119(6)
A Profile of the Working Poor
120(1)
Why Are There Working Poor?
120(1)
Underemployment and Unemployment
121(1)
Job Training Programs
122(1)
Dual Labor Markets
123(1)
Wages and Poverty
123(2)
Strategies Developed to Combat Poverty
125(3)
IDAs
126(1)
Three Approaches to Combat Poverty
126(2)
The Digital Divide
128(1)
America's Fringe Economy
129(16)
The Unbanked and the Functionally Poor
129(1)
Credit and the Poor
130(7)
Transportation in the Fringe Economy
137(1)
Conclusion
138(1)
Discussion Questions
139(1)
Notes
140(5)
PART TWO THE VOLUNTARY AND FOR-PROFIT SOCIAL SECTORS
The Voluntary Sector Today
145(23)
Structural Interests Within Social Welfare
146(5)
Traditional Providers
147(1)
Welfare Bureaucrats
147(1)
Clinical Entrepreneurs
148(1)
Human Service Executives
149(1)
Marginal Interests
149(2)
The Forgotten Sector
151(2)
Advancing Social Justice
153(1)
Contemporary Nonprofit Human Service Organizations
154(7)
The United Way
154(5)
Elite Philanthropy
159(1)
Impropriety within Nonprofits
160(1)
The Future of the Voluntary Sector
161(7)
Commercialization
161(1)
Faith-Based Social Services
162(1)
Social Entrepreneurship
163(1)
September 11, 2001
164(1)
Conclusion
164(1)
Discussion Questions
165(1)
Notes
165(3)
Privatization and Human Service Corporations
168(37)
Privatization Issues
170(6)
Commercialization
172(1)
Preferential Selection
172(1)
Cost-Effectiveness
173(1)
Standardization
174(1)
Oligopolization
175(1)
The Challenge of Privatization
176(1)
Unions and the Private Sector
177(2)
Corporate Welfare
179(1)
History of the Corporate Sector
180(3)
Corporate Social Responsibility
183(3)
Corporate Influence on Social Welfare Policy
186(3)
The American Enterprise Institute (AEI)
187(1)
The Heritage Foundation
188(1)
The Future of Corporate Involvement in Social Welfare
189(1)
Human Service Corporations
190(2)
Consolidation and Growth in Human Service Markets
192(13)
Nursing Homes
192(1)
Hospital Management
193(1)
Health Maintenance Organizations
194(1)
Child Care
195(1)
Home Health Care
196(1)
Corrections
196(1)
Conclusion: Implications for Health and Human Service Professionals
197(1)
Discussion Questions
198(2)
Notes
200(5)
PART THREE THE GOVERNMENT SECTOR
The Making of Governmental Policy
205(27)
Technical Aspects of the Policy Process
206(2)
A Critical Analysis of the Policy Process
208(3)
The Policy Process
211(13)
Social Stratification
211(1)
Formulation
211(3)
Legislation
214(6)
Implementation
220(1)
Evaluation
220(4)
Social Workers and Social Reform
224(1)
Social Work and Advocacy Organizations
225(1)
Advocacy Organizations and the New Policy Institutes
226(1)
Political Practice
227(5)
Conclusion
228(1)
Discussion Questions
229(1)
Notes
230(2)
Tax Policy and Income Distribution
232(19)
History of U.S. Tax Policy
233(3)
Tax Policy and Special Interests
236(2)
Federal Tax Policy
238(2)
State Tax Policy and The Poor
240(1)
The Efficiency of Tax Policy In Reducing Poverty
240(4)
Tax Expenditures as Poverty Policy
244(2)
The Antitax Movement
246(1)
Upward Mobility
247(4)
Conclusion
248(1)
Discussion Questions
249(1)
Notes
249(2)
Social Insurance Programs
251(18)
Definition of Social Insurance
252(1)
The Background of Social Insurance
253(1)
The Financial Organization of Social Insurance
254(1)
Key Social Insurance Programs
255(1)
Oasdi
255(4)
Unemployment Insurance
256(2)
Workers Compensation
258(1)
The Social Security Dilemma
259(10)
Arguments against the Current Social Security System
260(1)
Arguments for the Current Social Security System
260(1)
Social Security in Trouble
261(1)
The Long-Term Prospects for Social Security
262(1)
Proposed Solutions for Social Security
263(1)
Should We Privatize Social Security?
264(2)
Conclusion
266(1)
Discussion Questions
266(1)
Notes
267(2)
Public Assistance Program
269(32)
Assumptions and Myths About Public Assistance
271(3)
Aid to Families with Dependent Children
274(8)
The Evolution of the AFDC Program
274(2)
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
276(3)
State Welfare Reform Waivers
279(1)
Has the PRWORA Worked?
279(2)
Proposed Changes in TANF
281(1)
Supplemental Security Income
282(1)
General Assistance
283(2)
Trends and Issues In Public Assistance
285(16)
Transforming Public Assistance Policy into Labor Policy
285(2)
Teenage Pregnancy
287(2)
The Underclass
289(1)
Welfare Behaviorism
289(2)
Welfare to Work
291(2)
Conclusion: The Evolution of Public Assistance
293(2)
Discussion Questions
295(1)
Notes
296(5)
The American Health Care System
301(36)
The Uninsured
302(1)
The Organization of Medical Services
303(1)
Major Public Health Programs: Medicare, Medicaid, and S-Chip
304(8)
Medicare
304(4)
Medicaid
308(3)
The State Children's Health Insurance Program (S-CHIP)
311(1)
The Tobacco Settlement
312(1)
The Health Care Crisis
313(3)
Overview of U.S. Health Care Expenditures
314(1)
U.S. Health Care in International Perspective
315(1)
Explaining the High Cost of U.S. Health Care
316(2)
Hospital Costs
317(1)
Physicians' Salaries
317(1)
The Pharmaceutical Industry
318(1)
Cutting Health Care Costs
318(3)
Managed Care
319(2)
The Underinsured
321(1)
Aids and Health Care
321(2)
Reforming U.S. Health Care
323(4)
Socialized Medicine
324(1)
National Health Insurance
325(1)
Incremental Reform
326(1)
Comparative Analysis: Health Care In Canada and Britain
327(10)
The Canadian Health Care System
327(2)
Britain's National Health Service
329(2)
Conclusion
331(1)
Discussion Questions
332(1)
Notes
333(4)
Mental Health and Substance Abuse Policy
337(31)
Mental Health Reform
339(1)
The Community Mental Health Centers Acts
340(1)
Deinstitutionalization
341(1)
The Revolving Door
342(3)
Cmhcs Under Siege
345(1)
Preventive Commitment
346(1)
Mental Health Service Delivery
347(2)
Parity for Mental Health Care
349(1)
Substance Abuse
350(5)
History of Substance Abuse
351(1)
Alcohol Abuse
352(1)
Drug Abuse
353(2)
Private Practice and Mental Health Services
355(13)
The Business of Private Practice
359(2)
The Future of the Private Sector
361(1)
Conclusion
362(1)
Discussion Questions
363(1)
Notes
363(5)
Criminal Justice
368(21)
History of U.S. Criminal Justice
369(1)
The Criminal Justice System
370(3)
Juvenile Justice
373(2)
The War on Drugs
375(4)
The Underclass and ``Moral Poverty''
379(2)
Legalization of Drugs
381(1)
The ``New Penology''
382(2)
The Future of Criminal Justice
384(5)
Conclusion
385(1)
Discussion Questions
385(1)
Notes
386(3)
Child Welfare Policy
389(27)
History of U.S. Child Welfare Policy
391(2)
Protective Services for Children
393(8)
Foster Care For Children
401(4)
Adoption
405(1)
Head Start
406(1)
Emerging Issues in Child Welfare
407(9)
Day Care
407(1)
Maternal and Child Health
408(1)
Teen Pregnancy
409(2)
Conclusion: The Future of Child Welfare
411(1)
Discussion Questions
412(1)
Notes
412(4)
Housing Policies
416(26)
Overview of Housing Legislation
417(2)
The Federal Government and Low-Income Housing Programs
419(4)
Issues in Housing Policy
423(8)
Trends in U.S. Housing
424(1)
Problems in Home Ownership
425(2)
Problems in Finding Affordable Rental Housing
427(3)
Overcrowded and Deficient Housing
430(1)
Other Factors Affecting Housing
430(1)
Homelessness
431(6)
Characteristics of the Homeless Population
432(2)
Trends in Homelessness
434(1)
Attempts to Address Homelessness
435(2)
Housing Reform
437(5)
Conclusion
438(1)
Discussion Questions
438(1)
Notes
439(3)
The Politics of Food Policy and Rural Life
442(29)
Hunger in the United States
443(2)
Governmental Food Programs
445(10)
A Short History of Food Stamps and a Description of the Program
445(2)
Food Stamps: Who Is in the Program and What Does It Cost?
447(1)
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
448(1)
Other Food Programs
449(2)
Have the Food Programs Worked?
451(4)
Farming In the United States
455(3)
Governmental Farm Policies
456(1)
The Face of U.S. Farming
457(1)
Farmworkers
458(3)
Issues in American Farming
461(10)
The Corporatization of American Farming
461(2)
Genetic Engineering
463(1)
Global Trade
463(1)
Mad Cow Disease
463(1)
Local Selling
463(1)
Organic Farming
464(1)
Sustainable Agriculture
464(1)
Global Warming
465(1)
Conclusion
466(1)
Discussion Questions
466(1)
Notes
467(4)
PART FOUR THE AMERICAN WELFARE STATE IN PERSPECTIVE
The American Welfare State in International Perspective
471(23)
Typologies of Welfare States
472(1)
American Exceptionalism
473(2)
The Welfare State in Transition
475(1)
Ranking National Development
476(8)
The Weighted Index of Social Progress
477(1)
The Human Development Index
477(7)
Capability Poverty
484(2)
International Aid
486(1)
Global Capital
486(2)
The Future
488(6)
Conclusion
490(1)
Discussion Questions
491(1)
Notes
491(3)
Glossary 494(6)
Index 500

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