Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition,9780137118700

Prentice Hall Grammar and Composition

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ISBN13: 9780137118700
ISBN10: 0137118708
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 1990-01-01
Publisher(s): Pearson Prentice Hall
List Price: $82.01

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Table of Contents

I Grammar 19(132)
The Parts of Speech
20(40)
Nouns and Pronouns
20(11)
Nouns
20(4)
Pronouns
24(7)
Verbs
31(6)
Action Verbs and Linking Verbs
31(3)
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
34(1)
Verb Phrases
35(2)
Adjectives and Adverbs
37(9)
Adjectives
37(5)
Adverbs
42(4)
Prepositions, Conjunctions, and Interjections
46(9)
Prepositions
46(3)
Conjunctions
49(5)
Interjections
54(1)
Reviewing Parts of Speech
55(5)
Words as Different Parts of Speech
55(4)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
59(1)
Basic Sentence Parts and Patterns
60(34)
Subjects and Verbs
60(8)
Complete Subjects and Predicates
61(1)
Fragments
62(2)
Simple Subjects and Predicates
64(4)
Subjects in Different Kinds of Sentences
68(7)
The Four Functions of Sentences
68(3)
Hard-to-Find Subjects
71(4)
Complements
75(7)
Direct Objects
76(1)
Indirect Objects
77(2)
Objective Complements
79(2)
Subject Complements
81(1)
Basic Sentence Patterns
82(5)
Five Basic Patterns with Complements
82(3)
Inverted Patterns
85(2)
Diagraming Basic Sentence Parts
87(7)
Subject, Verbs, and Modifiers
88(1)
Adding Conjunctions
89(2)
Complements
91(2)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
93(1)
Phrases and Clauses
94(38)
Prepositional Phrases and Appositives
94(6)
Prepositional Phrases
95(2)
Appositives and Appositive Phrases
97(3)
Verbals and Verbal Phrases
100(10)
Participles and Participal Phrases
100(5)
Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
105(2)
Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases
107(3)
Clauses
110(9)
Adjective Clauses
110(4)
Adverb Clauses
114(2)
Noun Clauses
116(3)
Sentences Classified by Structure
119(3)
The Four Structures of Sentences
119(3)
Diagraming Phrases and Clauses
122(10)
Prepositional Phrases
122(1)
Appositives and Appositive Phrases
123(1)
Verbals and Verbal Phrases
124(3)
Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex Sentences
127(4)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
131(1)
Avoiding Sentence Errors
132(19)
Fragments and Run-ons
132(5)
Fragments
132(3)
Run-ons
135(2)
Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
137(4)
Misplaced Modifiers
138(1)
Dangling Modifiers
139(2)
Faulty Parallelism
141(5)
Recognizing the Correct Use of Parallelism
141(2)
Correcting Faulty Parallelism
143(3)
Faulty Coordination
146(5)
Recognizing Faulty Coordination
146(1)
Correcting Faulty Coordination
147(3)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
150(1)
II Usage 151(136)
Levels of Usage
152(11)
The Varieties of English
152(5)
Standard English
153(2)
Nonstandard English
155(2)
The History of English
157(6)
Three Periods of Language Growth
157(5)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
162(1)
Verb Usage
163(37)
Verb Tenses
163(14)
The Six Verb Tenses
163(2)
The Four Principal Parts
165(1)
Regular and Irregular Verbs
166(7)
Verb Conjugation
173(4)
The Correct Use of Tenses
177(14)
Present, Past, and Future Time
177(7)
Sequence of Tenses
184(6)
Modifiers That Help Clarity Tense
190(1)
The Subjunctive Mood
191(3)
The Correct Use of the Subjunctive Mood
192(1)
Auxiliary Verbs That Help Express the Subjunctive Mood
193(1)
Voice
194(6)
Active and Passive Voice
195(2)
Using Active and Passive Voice
197(2)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
199(1)
Pronoun Usage
200(15)
Case
200(7)
The Three Cases
200(1)
The Nominative Case
200(2)
The Objective Case
202(4)
The Possessive Case
206(1)
Special Problems with Pronouns
207(8)
Using Who and Whom Correctly
207(4)
Pronouns in Elliptical Clauses
211(3)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
214(1)
Agreement
215(27)
Subject and Verb Agreement
215(12)
The Number of Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs
215(2)
Singular and Plural Subjects
217(4)
Compound Subjects
221(2)
Confusing Subjects
223(4)
Pronoun and Antecedent Agreement
227(7)
Agreement Between Personal Pronouns and Antecedents
228(3)
Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns
231(2)
Agreement with Reflexive Pronouns
233(1)
Special Problems with Pronoun Agreement
234(8)
Vague Pronoun References
234(3)
Ambiguous Pronoun References
237(2)
Avoiding Distant Pronoun References
239(2)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
241(1)
Adjective and Adverb Usage
242(13)
Degrees of Comparison
242(6)
Recognizing Degrees of Comparison
242(1)
Regular Forms
243(2)
Irregular Forms
245(3)
Clear Comparisons
248(7)
Using Comparative and Superlative Degrees
248(2)
Logical Comparisons
250(2)
Absolute Modifiers
252(2)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
254(1)
Miscellaneous Problems in Usage
255(32)
Negative Sentences
255(4)
Recognizing Double Negatives
255(1)
Forming Negative Sentences Correctly
256(2)
Understatement
258(1)
One Hundred Common Usage Problems
259(28)
Solving Usage Problems
259(27)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
286(1)
III Mechanics 287(88)
Capitalization and Abbreviation
288(34)
Capitalization
288(16)
Capitals for First Words
289(2)
Capitals for Proper Nouns
291(6)
Capitals for Proper Adjectives
297(2)
Capitals for Titles
299(3)
Capitals in Letters
302(2)
Abbreviation
304(18)
Names and Titles of People
305(4)
Geographical Terms
309(2)
Time, Measurements, and Numbers
311(4)
Latin Expressions
315(1)
Business and Government Groups
316(5)
Other Common Abbreviations
321(1)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
321(1)
Punctuation
322(53)
End Marks
322(4)
Basic Uses of End Marks
322(2)
Other Uses of End Marks
324(2)
Commas
326(14)
Commas That Separate Basic Elements
326(4)
Commas That Set Off Added Elements
330(5)
Other Uses of the Comma
335(5)
Semicolons and Colons
340(6)
The Semicolon
340(3)
The Colon
343(3)
Quotation Marks and Underlining
346(13)
Quotation Marks for Direct Quotations
346(4)
Other Punctuation Marks with Quotation Marks
350(1)
Quotation Marks in Special Situations
351(4)
Underlining and Quotation Marks
355(4)
Dashes, Parentheses, and Brackets
359(6)
Dashes
359(2)
Parentheses
361(3)
Brackets
364(1)
Hyphens and Apostrophes
365(10)
Hyphens
365(4)
Apostrophes
369(5)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
374(1)
Composition and Allied Skills
IV Composition-The Writer's Techniques 375(102)
The Writing Process
376(28)
Prewriting
376(8)
Generating Ideas
376(4)
Choosing and Narrowing a Topic
380(1)
Determining Audience and Purpose
381(1)
Developing a Main Idea and Support
382(2)
Writing
384(1)
Writing a First Draft
384(1)
Revising
385(4)
Revising for Sense
385(1)
Editing for Word Choice and Sentence Variety
386(2)
Proofreading and Publishing
388(1)
Finding Your Own Approach
389(15)
Adjusting the Steps
389(7)
Overcoming Writing Problems
396(7)
Writing Workshop
403(1)
The Use of Words
404(25)
Using Words Effectively
404(16)
Choosing Precise Words
404(6)
Maintaining an Appropriate Tone
410(5)
Using Words Concisely
415(5)
Using Words in Special Ways
420(9)
Using Figures of Speech
421(3)
Setting Moods
424(1)
Using Professional Models
425(3)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
428(1)
Sentences
429(21)
Improving Your Sentences
429(11)
Sentence Combining
429(2)
Expanding Short Sentences
431(2)
Shortening Long Sentences
433(2)
Using Different Sentence Openers and Structures
435(5)
Creating Special Effects
440(10)
Using Different Types of Sentences
440(4)
Using Different Sentence Patterns
444(3)
Using Professional Models
447(2)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
449(1)
Clear Thinking in Writing
450(27)
Connecting Ideas Clearly
450(13)
Using Transitions
450(3)
Using Coordination and Subordination
453(7)
Using Logical Order
460(3)
Avoiding Problems in Logic
463(14)
Understanding the Direction of Your Thoughts
463(5)
Identifying Errors in Logic
468(5)
Using Professional Models
473(3)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
476(1)
V Composition-Forms and Process 477(238)
Paragraphs
478(41)
Understanding Paragraphs
478(26)
Topic Sentences
478(4)
Support
482(5)
Unity
487(4)
Coherence
491(7)
Paragraphs with Special Purposes
498(6)
Writing a Paragraph
504(15)
Prewriting: Exploring Topics
504(1)
Prewriting: Focusing on a Main Idea
505(2)
Prewriting: Brainstorming for Support
507(3)
Prewriting: Organizing Your Support
510(2)
Writing: Creating a First Draft
512(1)
Revising: Polishing Your Paragraph
513(3)
Writing Workshop
516(2)
Topics for Writing
518(1)
Kinds of Writing
519(23)
Expository and Persuasive Writing
519(9)
Expository Writing
519(4)
Persuasive Writing
523(5)
Descriptive and Narrative Writing
528(14)
Descriptive Writing
528(5)
Narrative Writing
533(6)
Writing Workshop
539(2)
Topics for Writing
541(1)
Essays
542(47)
Understanding Essays
542(13)
The Parts of an Essay
542(8)
Unity and Coherence in Essays
550(5)
Writing an Essay
555(15)
Prewriting: Planning Your Essay
555(11)
Writing: Creating a First Draft
566(3)
Revising: Polishing Your Essay
569(1)
Writing Different Kinds of Essays
570(19)
Writing Expository Essays
570(5)
Writing Persuasive Essays
575(5)
Writing Informal Essays
580(6)
Writing Workshop
586(2)
Topics for Writing
588(1)
Research Papers
589(29)
Understanding Research Papers
589(12)
Sources of Information
589(7)
Structure and Features
596(4)
Unity and Coherence in Research Papers
600(1)
Writing a Research Paper
601(17)
Prewriting: Planning Your Research Paper
601(7)
Writing: Creating a First Draft
608(5)
Revising: Polishing Your Paper
613(2)
Writing Workshop
615(2)
Topics for Writing
617(1)
Writing About Literature
618(23)
Book Reports
618(10)
Understanding Book Reports
618(5)
Prewriting, Writing, and Revising: Preparing a Book Report
623(5)
Literary Analyses
628(13)
Understanding Literary Analyses
628(5)
Prewriting, Writing, and Revising: Preparing a Literary Analysis
633(7)
Writing Workshop
640(1)
Personal Writing
641(17)
Journals
641(5)
Understanding Journals
641(3)
Keeping a Journal
644(2)
Writing from Personal Experience
646(12)
Writing an Anecdote
646(3)
Writing a First-Person Narrative
649(2)
Writing an Autobiography
651(4)
Writing Workshop
655(2)
Topics for Writing
657(1)
Short Stories
658(19)
Understanding Short Stories
658(8)
Character and Plot
658(2)
Point of View
660(2)
Dialogue
662(1)
Language and Tone
663(3)
Writing a Short Story
666(11)
Prewriting: Planning Your Short Story
666(2)
Writing: Creating a First Draft
668(2)
Revising: Polishing Your Short Story
670(1)
Finding Your Own Approach
671(3)
Writing Workshop
674(2)
Topics for Writing
676(1)
Letters and Applications
677(21)
Personal Letters
677(6)
Understanding Personal Letters
677(3)
Writing Personal Letters
680(3)
Business Letters
683(5)
Understanding Business Letters
683(3)
Writing Business Letters
686(2)
Applications
688(10)
Interpreting the Questions
689(3)
Prewriting, Writing, and Revising: Preparing Your Answers
692(3)
Writing Workshop
695(2)
Topics for Writing
697(1)
Essay Exams and Precis
698(17)
Essay Exams
698(8)
Getting Started
698(3)
Planning, Writing, and Checking Your Answer
701(5)
Precis
706(9)
Understanding Precis
706(4)
Prewriting, Writing, and Revising: Preparing a Precis
710(4)
Writing Workshop
714(1)
VI Vocabulary and Spelling 715(54)
Vocabulary Building
716(30)
Techniques for Building Vocabulary
716(6)
Making Good Use of Resource Material
717(1)
Recognizing Related Words
718(1)
Remembering Vocabulary Words
719(3)
Using Context
722(8)
Recognizing Context Clues
722(4)
Using Context Clues in Textbook Reading
726(2)
Using Context Clues in Other Kinds of Reading
728(2)
Using Structure
730(9)
Prefixes
730(3)
Roots
733(3)
Suffixes
736(3)
Exploring Etymologies
739(7)
Borrowed Words
739(2)
Words with New Meanings
741(1)
Coined Words
742(3)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
745(1)
Spelling Improvement
746(23)
Techniques for Improving Spelling
746(10)
Proofreading Carefully
747(1)
Studying Spelling Demons
748(3)
Studying Problem Words
751(2)
Developing Memory Aids
753(1)
Diagnosing Problem Areas
754(1)
Setting Goals for Improvement
755(1)
A Catalog of Spelling Rules
756(13)
Plurals
756(2)
Prefixes and Suffixes
758(3)
ie and ei Words
761(1)
Words Ending in -cede, -ceed, and -sede
762(1)
Other Confusing Endings
763(5)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
768(1)
VII Study and Research Skills 769(96)
Basic Study Skills
770(9)
Evaluating Your Study Habits
770(3)
Developing a Study Plan
770(2)
Setting Goals
772(1)
Methods of Taking Notes
773(6)
Making Outlines
773(3)
Writing Summaries
776(1)
Developing a Personal Shorthand
777(1)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
778(1)
Critical-Thinking Skills
779(12)
Forms of Reasoning
779(7)
Using Fact and Opinion
779(2)
Using Valid Reasoning
781(5)
Language and Thinking
786(5)
Uses of Language
786(4)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
790(1)
Reading and Test-Taking Skills
791(29)
Reading Skills
791(9)
Reading Textbooks
791(3)
Varying Your Reading Style
794(2)
Reading Critically
796(4)
Standardized Tests
800(20)
Taking Standardized Tests
800(2)
Answering Vocabulary Questions
802(5)
Answering Reading Comprehension Questions
807(7)
Tests of Standard Written English
814(5)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
819(1)
Library and Reference Skills
820(37)
The Library
820(11)
Planning Your Research
820(2)
Using the Card Catalog
822(5)
Going from Catalog to Shelf
827(4)
Reference Skills
831(13)
General Reference Books
831(3)
Specialized Reference Books
834(5)
Periodicals and Pamphlets
839(3)
Other Ways of Obtaining Reference Materials
842(2)
Dictionary Skills
844(13)
Recognizing Kinds of General Dictionaries
844(3)
Knowing What Dictionaries Contain
847(9)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
856(1)
Getting a Job
857(8)
First Steps
857(4)
Writing a Resume
857(2)
Reading Classified Want Ads
859(1)
Filling Out a Job Application
860(1)
Next Steps
861(4)
Preparing for a Job Interview
861(1)
Interview for a Job
862(2)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
864(1)
VIII Speaking and Listening 865(26)
Speaking and Listening Skills
867(24)
Interviews
867(2)
Conducting an Interview
867(2)
Group Discussion and Parliamentary Procedure
869(5)
Recognizing Different Kinds of Group Discussions
869(1)
Holding a Group Discussion
870(2)
Using Parliamentary Procedure
872(2)
Public Speaking
874(3)
Recognizing Different Kinds of Speeches
874(1)
Giving a Speech
875(1)
Evaluating a Speech
876(1)
Public Debate
877(5)
The Nature of Debate
877(1)
Preparing to Debate
878(2)
Holding a Debate
880(2)
Listening Skills
882(9)
Improving Your Listening Skills
882(4)
Listening Critically
886(4)
Skills Review and Writing Workshop
890(1)
Manuscript Preparation 891(4)
Index 895(16)
Acknowledgments 911

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