Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Extended Version Chapters 1-46 (with PhysicsNow and InfoTrac)
by Serway, Raymond A.; Jewett, John W.Edition: 6th
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2003-09-26
Publisher(s): Brooks Cole
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Summary
This best-selling, calculus-based text is recognized for its carefully crafted, logical presentation of the basic concepts and principles of physics. PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS, Sixth Edition, maintains the Serway traditions of concise writing for the students, carefully thought-out problem sets and worked examples, and evolving educational pedagogy. This edition introduces a new co-author, Dr. John Jewett, at Cal Poly ? Pomona, known best for his teaching awards and his role in the recently published PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS, Third Edition, also written with Ray Serway. Providing students with the tools they need to succeed in introductory physics, the Sixth Edition of this authoritative text features unparalleled media integration and a newly enhanced supplemental package for instructors and students!
Author Biography
Raymond A. Serway and John W. Jewett, Jr.: California State Polytechnic University-Pomona
Table of Contents
| Mechanics | p. 1 |
| Physics and Measurement | p. 2 |
| Standards of Length, Mass, and Time | p. 4 |
| Matter and Model Building | p. 7 |
| Density and Atomic Mass | p. 9 |
| Dimensional Analysis | p. 10 |
| Conversion of Units | p. 12 |
| Estimates and Order-of-Magnitude Calculations | p. 13 |
| Significant Figures | p. 15 |
| Motion in One Dimension | p. 23 |
| Position, Velocity, and Speed | p. 24 |
| Instantaneous Velocity and Speed | p. 28 |
| Acceleration | p. 31 |
| Motion Diagrams | p. 34 |
| One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration | p. 36 |
| Freely Falling Objects | p. 40 |
| Kinematic Equations Derived from Calculus | p. 44 |
| General Problem-Solving Strategy | p. 47 |
| Vectors | p. 58 |
| Coordinate Systems | p. 59 |
| Vector and Scalar Quantities | p. 60 |
| Some Properties of Vectors | p. 61 |
| Components of a Vector and Unit Vectors | p. 65 |
| Motion in Two Dimensions | p. 77 |
| The Position, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors | p. 78 |
| Two-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration | p. 80 |
| Projectile Motion | p. 83 |
| Uniform Circular Motion | p. 91 |
| Tangential and Radial Acceleration | p. 94 |
| Relative Velocity and Relative Acceleration | p. 96 |
| The Laws of Motion | p. 111 |
| The Concept of Force | p. 112 |
| Newton's First Law and Inertial Frames | p. 114 |
| Mass | p. 116 |
| Newton's Second Law | p. 116 |
| The Gravitational Force and Weight | p. 119 |
| Newton's Third Law | p. 120 |
| Some Applications of Newton's Laws | p. 122 |
| Forces of Friction | p. 131 |
| Circular Motion and Other Applications of Newton's Laws | p. 150 |
| Newton's Second Law Applied to Uniform Circular Motion | p. 151 |
| Nonuniform Circular Motion | p. 157 |
| Motion in Accelerated Frames | p. 159 |
| Motion in the Presence of Resistive Forces | p. 162 |
| Numerical Modeling in Particle Dynamics | p. 167 |
| Energy and Energy Transfer | p. 181 |
| Systems and Environments | p. 182 |
| Work Done by a Constant Force | p. 183 |
| The Scalar Product of Two Vectors | p. 186 |
| Work Done by a Varying Force | p. 188 |
| Kinetic Energy and the Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem | p. 193 |
| The Nonisolated System--Conservation of Energy | p. 196 |
| Situations Involving Kinetic Friction | p. 199 |
| Power | p. 203 |
| Energy and the Automobile | p. 205 |
| Potential Energy | p. 217 |
| Potential Energy of a System | p. 218 |
| The Isolated System--Conservation of Mechanical Energy | p. 220 |
| Conservative and Nonconservative Forces | p. 228 |
| Changes in Mechanical Energy for Nonconservative Forces | p. 229 |
| Relationship Between Conservative Forces and Potential Energy | p. 234 |
| Energy Diagrams and Equilibrium of a System | p. 236 |
| Linear Momentum and Collisions | p. 251 |
| Linear Momentum and Its Conservation | p. 252 |
| Impulse and Momentum | p. 256 |
| Collisions in One Dimension | p. 260 |
| Two-Dimensional Collisions | p. 267 |
| The Center of Mass | p. 270 |
| Motion of a System of Particles | p. 274 |
| Rocket Propulsion | p. 277 |
| Rotation of a Rigid Object About a Fixed Axis | p. 292 |
| Angular Position, Velocity, and Acceleration | p. 293 |
| Rotational Kinematics: Rotational Motion with Constant Angular Acceleration | p. 296 |
| Angular and Linear Quantities | p. 297 |
| Rotational Kinetic Energy | p. 300 |
| Calculation of Moments of Inertia | p. 302 |
| Torque | p. 306 |
| Relationship Between Torque and Angular Acceleration | p. 307 |
| Work, Power, and Energy in Rotational Motion | p. 312 |
| Rolling Motion of a Rigid Object | p. 316 |
| Angular Momentum | p. 336 |
| The Vector Product and Torque | p. 337 |
| Angular Momentum | p. 339 |
| Angular Momentum of a Rotating Rigid Object | p. 343 |
| Conservation of Angular Momentum | p. 345 |
| The Motion of Gyroscopes and Tops | p. 350 |
| Angular Momentum as a Fundamental Quantity | p. 351 |
| Static Equilibrium and Elasticity | p. 362 |
| The Conditions for Equilibrium | p. 363 |
| More on the Center of Gravity | p. 365 |
| Examples of Rigid Objects in Static Equilibrium | p. 366 |
| Elastic Properties of Solids | p. 373 |
| Universal Gravitation | p. 389 |
| Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation | p. 390 |
| Measuring the Gravitational Constant | p. 393 |
| Free-Fall Acceleration and the Gravitational Force | p. 394 |
| Kepler's Laws and the Motion of Planets | p. 396 |
| The Gravitational Field | p. 401 |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | p. 403 |
| Energy Considerations in Planetary and Satellite Motion | p. 405 |
| Fluid Mechanics | p. 420 |
| Pressure | p. 421 |
| Variation of Pressure with Depth | p. 423 |
| Pressure Measurements | p. 426 |
| Buoyant Forces and Archimedes's Principle | p. 427 |
| Fluid Dynamics | p. 431 |
| Bernoulli's Equation | p. 433 |
| Other Applications of Fluid Dynamics | p. 436 |
| Oscillations and Mechanical Waves | p. 451 |
| Oscillatory Motion | p. 452 |
| Motion of an Object Attached to a Spring | p. 453 |
| Mathematical Representation of Simple Harmonic Motion | p. 454 |
| Energy of the Simple Harmonic Oscillator | p. 462 |
| Comparing Simple Harmonic Motion with Uniform Circular Motion | p. 465 |
| The Pendulum | p. 468 |
| Damped Oscillations | p. 471 |
| Forced Oscillations | p. 472 |
| Wave Motion | p. 486 |
| Propagation of a Disturbance | p. 487 |
| Sinusoidal Waves | p. 491 |
| The Speed of Waves on Strings | p. 496 |
| Reflection and Transmission | p. 499 |
| Rate of Energy Transfer by Sinusoidal Waves on Strings | p. 501 |
| The Linear Wave Equation | p. 503 |
| Sound Waves | p. 512 |
| Speed of Sound Waves | p. 513 |
| Periodic Sound Waves | p. 515 |
| Intensity of Periodic Sound Waves | p. 516 |
| The Doppler Effect | p. 522 |
| Digital Sound Recording | p. 528 |
| Motion Picture Sound | p. 532 |
| Superposition and Standing Waves | p. 543 |
| Superposition and Interference | p. 544 |
| Standing Waves | p. 549 |
| Standing Waves in a String Fixed at Both Ends | p. 552 |
| Resonance | p. 558 |
| Standing Waves in Air Columns | p. 559 |
| Standing Waves in Rods and Membranes | p. 563 |
| Beats: Interference in Time | p. 564 |
| Nonsinusoidal Wave Patterns | p. 566 |
| Thermodynamics | p. 579 |
| Temperature | p. 580 |
| Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics | p. 581 |
| Thermometers and the Celsius Temperature Scale | p. 583 |
| The Constant-Volume Gas Thermometer and the Absolute Temperature Scale | p. 584 |
| Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids | p. 586 |
| Macroscopic Description of an Ideal Gas | p. 591 |
| Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics | p. 604 |
| Heat and Internal Energy | p. 605 |
| Specific Heat and Calorimetry | p. 607 |
| Latent Heat | p. 611 |
| Work and Heat in Thermodynamic Processes | p. 615 |
| The First Law of Thermodynamics | p. 618 |
| Some Applications of the First Law of Thermodynamics | p. 619 |
| Energy Transfer Mechanisms | p. 623 |
| The Kinetic Theory of Gases | p. 640 |
| Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas | p. 641 |
| Molar Specific Heat of an Ideal Gas | p. 646 |
| Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas | p. 649 |
| The Equipartition of Energy | p. 650 |
| The Boltzmann Distribution Law | p. 654 |
| Distribution of Molecular Speeds | p. 655 |
| Mean Free Path | p. 658 |
| Heat Engines, Entropy, and the Second Law of Thermodynamics | p. 667 |
| Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics | p. 669 |
| Heat Pumps and Refrigerators | p. 671 |
| Reversible and Irreversible Processes | p. 673 |
| The Carnot Engine | p. 675 |
| Gasoline and Diesel Engines | p. 679 |
| Entropy | p. 683 |
| Entropy Changes in Irreversible Processes | p. 687 |
| Entropy on a Microscopic Scale | p. 690 |
| Electricity and Magnetism | p. 705 |
| Electric Fields | p. 706 |
| Properties of Electric Charges | p. 707 |
| Charging Objects by Induction | p. 709 |
| Coulomb's Law | p. 711 |
| The Electric Field | p. 715 |
| Electric Field of a Continuous Charge Distribution | p. 719 |
| Electric Field Lines | p. 723 |
| Motion of Charged Particles in a Uniform Electric Field | p. 725 |
| Gauss's Law | p. 739 |
| Electric Flux | p. 740 |
| Gauss's Law | p. 743 |
| Application of Gauss's Law to Various Charge Distributions | p. 746 |
| Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium | p. 750 |
| Formal Derivation of Gauss's Law | p. 752 |
| Electric Potential | p. 762 |
| Potential Difference and Electric Potential | p. 763 |
| Potential Differences in a Uniform Electric Field | p. 765 |
| Electric Potential and Potential Energy Due to Point Charges | p. 768 |
| Obtaining the Value of the Electric Field from the Electric Potential | p. 772 |
| Electric Potential Due to Continuous Charge Distributions | p. 774 |
| Electric Potential Due to a Charged Conductor | p. 778 |
| The Millikan Oil-Drop Experiment | p. 781 |
| Applications of Electrostatics | p. 782 |
| Capacitance and Dielectrics | p. 795 |
| Definition of Capacitance | p. 796 |
| Calculating Capacitance | p. 797 |
| Combinations of Capacitors | p. 802 |
| Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor | p. 807 |
| Capacitors with Dielectrics | p. 810 |
| Electric Dipole in an Electric Field | p. 815 |
| An Atomic Description of Dielectrics | p. 817 |
| Current and Resistance | p. 831 |
| Electric Current | p. 832 |
| Resistance | p. 835 |
| A Model for Electrical Conduction | p. 841 |
| Resistance and Temperature | p. 843 |
| Superconductors | p. 844 |
| Electrical Power | p. 845 |
| Direct Current Circuits | p. 858 |
| Electromotive Force | p. 859 |
| Resistors in Series and Parallel | p. 862 |
| Kirchhoff's Rules | p. 869 |
| RC Circuits | p. 873 |
| Electrical Meters | p. 879 |
| Household Wiring and Electrical Safety | p. 880 |
| Magnetic Fields | p. 894 |
| Magnetic Fields and Forces | p. 896 |
| Magnetic Force Acting on a Current-Carrying Conductor | p. 900 |
| Torque on a Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field | p. 904 |
| Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic Field | p. 907 |
| Applications Involving Charged Particles Moving in a Magnetic Field | p. 910 |
| The Hall Effect | p. 914 |
| Sources of the Magnetic Field | p. 926 |
| The Biot-Savart Law | p. 927 |
| The Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors | p. 932 |
| Ampere's Law | p. 933 |
| The Magnetic Field of a Solenoid | p. 938 |
| Magnetic Flux | p. 940 |
| Gauss's Law in Magnetism | p. 941 |
| Displacement Current and the General Form of Ampere's Law | p. 942 |
| Magnetism in Matter | p. 944 |
| The Magnetic Field of the Earth | p. 953 |
| Faraday's Law | p. 967 |
| Faraday's Law of Induction | p. 968 |
| Motional emf | p. 973 |
| Lenz's Law | p. 977 |
| Induced emf and Electric Fields | p. 981 |
| Generators and Motors | p. 982 |
| Eddy Currents | p. 986 |
| Maxwell's Equations | p. 988 |
| Inductance | p. 1003 |
| Self-Inductance | p. 1004 |
| RL Circuits | p. 1006 |
| Energy in a Magnetic Field | p. 1011 |
| Mutual Inductance | p. 1013 |
| Oscillations in an LC Circuit | p. 1015 |
| The RLC Circuit | p. 1020 |
| Alternating Current Circuits | p. 1033 |
| AC Sources | p. 1033 |
| Resistors in an AC Circuit | p. 1034 |
| Inductors in an AC Circuit | p. 1038 |
| Capacitors in an AC Circuit | p. 1041 |
| The RLC Series Circuit | p. 1043 |
| Power in an AC Circuit | p. 1047 |
| Resonance in a Series RLC Circuit | p. 1049 |
| The Transformer and Power Transmission | p. 1052 |
| Rectifiers and Filters | p. 1054 |
| Electromagnetic Waves | p. 1066 |
| Maxwell's Equations and Hertz's Discoveries | p. 1067 |
| Plane Electromagnetic Waves | p. 1069 |
| Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves | p. 1074 |
| Momentum and Radiation Pressure | p. 1076 |
| Production of Electromagnetic Waves by an Antenna | p. 1079 |
| The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves | p. 1080 |
| Light and Optics | p. 1093 |
| The Nature of Light and the Laws of Geometric Optics | p. 1094 |
| The Nature of Light | p. 1095 |
| Measurements of the Speed of Light | p. 1096 |
| The Ray Approximation in Geometric Optics | p. 1097 |
| Reflection | p. 1098 |
| Refraction | p. 1102 |
| Huygens's Principle | p. 1107 |
| Dispersion and Prisms | p. 1109 |
| Total Internal Reflection | p. 1111 |
| Fermat's Principle | p. 1114 |
| Image Formation | p. 1126 |
| Images Formed by Flat Mirrors | p. 1127 |
| Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors | p. 1131 |
| Images Formed by Refraction | p. 1138 |
| Thin Lenses | p. 1141 |
| Lens Aberrations | p. 1152 |
| The Camera | p. 1153 |
| The Eye | p. 1155 |
| The Simple Magnifier | p. 1159 |
| The Compound Microscope | p. 1160 |
| The Telescope | p. 1162 |
| Interference of Light Waves | p. 1176 |
| Conditions for Interference | p. 1177 |
| Young's Double-Slit Experiment | p. 1177 |
| Intensity Distribution of the Double-Slit Interference Pattern | p. 1182 |
| Phasor Addition of Waves | p. 1184 |
| Change of Phase Due to Reflection | p. 1188 |
| Interference in Thin Films | p. 1189 |
| The Michelson Interferometer | p. 1194 |
| Diffraction Patterns and Polarization | p. 1205 |
| Introduction to Diffraction Patterns | p. 1206 |
| Diffraction Patterns from Narrow Slits | p. 1207 |
| Resolution of Single-Slit and Circular Apertures | p. 1214 |
| The Diffraction Grating | p. 1217 |
| Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals | p. 1224 |
| Polarization of Light Waves | p. 1225 |
| Modern Physics | p. 1243 |
| Relativity | p. 1244 |
| The Principle of Galilean Relativity | p. 1246 |
| The Michelson-Morley Experiment | p. 1248 |
| Einstein's Principle of Relativity | p. 1250 |
| Consequences of the Special Theory of Relativity | p. 1251 |
| The Lorentz Transformation Equations | p. 1262 |
| The Lorentz Velocity Transformation Equations | p. 1264 |
| Relativistic Linear Momentum and the Relativistic Form of Newton's Laws | p. 1267 |
| Relativistic Energy | p. 1268 |
| Mass and Energy | p. 1272 |
| The General Theory of Relativity | p. 1273 |
| Introduction to Quantum Physics | p. 1284 |
| Blackbody Radiation and Planck's Hypothesis | p. 1285 |
| The Photoelectric Effect | p. 1291 |
| The Compton Effect | p. 1297 |
| Photons and Electromagnetic Waves | p. 1300 |
| The Wave Properties of Particles | p. 1301 |
| The Quantum Particle | p. 1304 |
| The Double-Slit Experiment Revisited | p. 1307 |
| The Uncertainty Principle | p. 1309 |
| Quantum Mechanics | p. 1321 |
| An Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics | p. 1322 |
| A Particle in a Box | p. 1326 |
| The Particle Under Boundary Conditions | p. 1330 |
| The Schrodinger Equation | p. 1331 |
| A Particle in a Well of Finite Height | p. 1334 |
| Tunneling Through a Potential Energy Barrier | p. 1336 |
| The Scanning Tunneling Microscope | p. 1340 |
| The Simple Harmonic Oscillator | p. 1341 |
| Atomic Physics | p. 1351 |
| Atomic Spectra of Gases | p. 1352 |
| Early Models of the Atom | p. 1355 |
| Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom | p. 1356 |
| The Quantum Model of the Hydrogen Atom | p. 1361 |
| The Wave Functions for Hydrogen | p. 1364 |
| Physical Interpretation of the Quantum Numbers | p. 1367 |
| The Exclusion Principle and the Periodic Table | p. 1374 |
| More on Atomic Spectra: Visible and X-Ray | p. 1380 |
| Spontaneous and Stimulated Transitions | p. 1383 |
| Lasers | p. 1385 |
| Molecules and Solids | p. 1398 |
| Molecular Bonds | p. 1399 |
| Energy States and Spectra of Molecules | p. 1403 |
| Bonding in Solids | p. 1411 |
| Free-Electron Theory of Metals | p. 1415 |
| Band Theory of Solids | p. 1418 |
| Electrical Conduction in Metals, Insulators, and Semiconductors | p. 1420 |
| Semiconductor Devices | p. 1424 |
| Superconductivity | p. 1430 |
| Nuclear Structure | p. 1440 |
| Some Properties of Nuclei | p. 1441 |
| Nuclear Binding Energy | p. 1447 |
| Nuclear Models | p. 1448 |
| Radioactivity | p. 1452 |
| The Decay Process | p. 1456 |
| Natural Radioactivity | p. 1465 |
| Nuclear Reactions | p. 1465 |
| Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Resonance Imaging | p. 1467 |
| Applications of Nuclear Physics | p. 1479 |
| Interactions Involving Neutrons | p. 1480 |
| Nuclear Fission | p. 1481 |
| Nuclear Reactors | p. 1483 |
| Nuclear Fusion | p. 1487 |
| Radiation Damage | p. 1495 |
| Radiation Detectors | p. 1497 |
| Uses of Radiation | p. 1500 |
| Particle Physics and Cosmology | p. 1511 |
| The Fundamental Forces in Nature | p. 1512 |
| Positrons and Other Antiparticles | p. 1513 |
| Mesons and the Beginning of Particle Physics | p. 1516 |
| Classification of Particles | p. 1518 |
| Conservation Laws | p. 1520 |
| Strange Particles and Strangeness | p. 1523 |
| Making Particles and Measuring Their Properties | p. 1524 |
| Finding Patterns in the Particles | p. 1527 |
| Quarks | p. 1529 |
| Multicolored Quarks | p. 1532 |
| The Standard Model | p. 1534 |
| The Cosmic Connection | p. 1536 |
| Problems and Perspectives | p. 1542 |
| Tables | p. 1 |
| Conversion Factors | p. 1 |
| Symbols, Dimensions, and Units of Physical Quantities | p. 2 |
| Table of Atomic Masses | p. 4 |
| Mathematics Review | p. 14 |
| Scientific Notation | p. 14 |
| Algebra | p. 15 |
| Geometry | p. 20 |
| Trigonometry | p. 21 |
| Series Expansions | p. 23 |
| Differential Calculus | p. 23 |
| Integral Calculus | p. 25 |
| Propagation of Uncertainty | p. 28 |
| Periodic Table of the Elements | p. 30 |
| SI Units | p. 32 |
| Nobel Prizes | p. 33 |
| Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems | p. 37 |
| Index | p. 1 |
| Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved. |
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