Budapest 1900 : A Historical Portrait of a City and Its Culture
by John LukacsEdition: Reprint
Format: Trade Paper
Pub. Date: 1994-02-01
Publisher(s): Grove Press
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Summary
"Lukacs's book is a lyrical, sometimes dazzling, never merely nostalgic evocation of a glorious period in the city's history. . . . {His} true sympathy lies . . . not with the famous expatriates, but with the writers and intellectuals who lived and died at home: the poets Endre Ady and Mihaly Babits; the novelists Ferenc Herczeg, Sandor Hunyady, Frigyes Karinthy, Dezso Kosztolanyi, Gyula Krudy, Kalman Mikszath, and Zsigmond Moricz; the political essayist DezsoSzabo; the playwright Erno Szep; the literary historian Antal Szerb; and others. . . . {John Lukacs} sets out to explain Hungarian literature to English-speaking readers. Though I have no idea whether or not he will succeed, few interpreters of Hungarian literature have made a more touching and eloquent attempt." -- The New York Review of Books
Author Biography
JOHN LUKACS was born in Hungary and came to America in 1946. A professor of history, he has authored thirteen books including Philadelphia 1900-1950: Patricians and Philistines and Historical Consciousness. He lives in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
Table of Contents
| List of Illustrations | p. xi |
| Introduction | p. xiii |
| Colors, Words, Sounds | p. 3 |
| The painter Munkacsy's funeral | p. 3 |
| His rise and fall | p. 6 |
| The seasons of Budapest | p. 10 |
| The atmosphere of the city in 1900 | p. 19 |
| Three writers of Budapest in 1900 | p. 16 |
| Krudy's descriptions of the city | p. 19 |
| Differences between Budapest and Vienna | p. 27 |
| 1900 a turning point in the history of Budapest | p. 28 |
| The City | p. 29 |
| Its physical situation | p. 30 |
| Its districts | p. 32 |
| Its buildings and architecture | p. 48 |
| The crowding of the city | p. 53 |
| Rail, river and road; other communications; public services | p. 57 |
| Material progress and population increase | p. 62 |
| The reputation of Budapest abroad | p. 65 |
| The People | p. 67 |
| The historical developments of Buda and Pest | p. 68 |
| Their unification | p. 70 |
| The "Millennium" | p. 71 |
| State and conditions of the population in 1900 | p. 73 |
| Bourgeois influences | p. 75 |
| Culinary habits and changes | p. 77 |
| Criminality and prostitution | p. 81 |
| Athletics and sports | p. 83 |
| The structure of classes; the old nobility; the gentry | p. 85 |
| the financial aristocracy and the patrician class | p. 95 |
| Changes in the composition of the wealthy classes | p. 95 |
| The Jewish population | p. 95 |
| The working classes | p. 97 |
| The rigidities of class consciousness | p. 99 |
| Social mobility | p. 100 |
| The Magyarization of Budapest | p. 102 |
| Elements of bourgeois civilization | p. 103 |
| Relations of the sexes | p. 104 |
| Financial lightheadedness and probity | p. 106 |
| Politics and Powers | p. 108 |
| The Parliament | p. 108 |
| Rhetorical habits and customs | p. 109 |
| Nationalist optimism | p. 110 |
| The worsening of parliamentary behavior | p. 111 |
| Historical and constitutional development of the Hungarian state | p. 112 |
| The Compromise of 1867 | p. 116 |
| The political crisis of 1890 | p. 117 |
| The unraveling of the political equilibrium | p. 120 |
| The fallings of Hungarian prestige abroad | p. 123 |
| The problem of the nationalities | p. 125 |
| The decline of Liberalism | p. 129 |
| The Social Democrats | p. 130 |
| Anti-Semitism | p. 131 |
| The new Catholic party and movement | p. 132 |
| The 1905 elections and the end of the Liberal monopoly in Budapest | p. 135 |
| The Generation of 1900 | p. 137 |
| The concept of generations | p. 137 |
| What the Generation of 1900 had in common | p. 138 |
| Its members | p. 139 |
| The Budapest schools | p. 142 |
| The cultural atmosphere | p. 146 |
| Book publishing | p. 147 |
| The coffeehouses and their culture | p. 148 |
| The Budapest press | p. 152 |
| Literary journals | p. 152 |
| Hungarian literature in 1900 | p. 154 |
| Writers of the generation of 1900 | p. 156 |
| Three well-known writers abroad | p. 157 |
| The great writers unknown abroad | p. 159 |
| The Ady explosion | p. 164 |
| The populist pioneers | p. 168 |
| The boulevardier talents | p. 170 |
| The new painters of the generation | p. 171 |
| The modern nationalist architects | p. 174 |
| Bartok and Kodaly | p. 175 |
| Theatrical and musical culture and the entertainment industry | p. 176 |
| Retrospective criticism of a generation by Szekfu and others | p. 179 |
| Its subsequent revision | p. 180 |
| Seeds of Troubles | p. 182 |
| Decline of the general equilibrium in 1900 | p. 182 |
| Attacks on Liberalism | p. 183 |
| The changing condition of the gentry | p. 183 |
| A new nationalism | p. 185 |
| Attacks on Budapest | p. 187 |
| A new variety of anti-Semitism | p. 188 |
| Left and Right: the symptomatic development of the Society of Social Science | p. 197 |
| A semblance of prosperity and peace before 1914 | p. 204 |
| Catholicism in Budapest around 1900 | p. 204 |
| The summer of 1914 | p. 205 |
| German ideological and cultural influence | p. 206 |
| Since Then | p. 209 |
| Budapest during the First World War | p. 209 |
| The end of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and the Budapest October Revolution | p. 210 |
| The short-lived Radical and Communist governments | p. 211 |
| The nationalist reaction | p. 212 |
| The amputation of Hungary | p. 212 |
| The recovery of the twenties | p. 213 |
| The shadow of the Third Reich | p. 214 |
| Budapest during the Second World War | p. 215 |
| Its German and Russian occupation; the siege of Budapest | p. 216 |
| Its destruction | p. 218 |
| Under Communism | p. 221 |
| The 1956 Rising | p. 222 |
| The rebuilding of the city | p. 223 |
| The tourist invasion; Budapest revisited | p. 224 |
| References | p. 227 |
| Bibliography | p. 231 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 237 |
| Index | p. 239 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
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