Preface xxvii
About the Editors xxx
The Literature of the Late Nineteenth Century 1
Reading the Historical Context 12
MARK TWAIN (SAMUEL L. CLEMENS) (1835—1910) 12
FROM Life on the Mississippi 12
[Sir Walter Scott and the Southern Character] 12
ALBION TOURGÉE (1838—1905) 15
FROM The Invisible Empire 15
Reading the Critical Context 22
WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS (1837—1920) 22
FROM Criticism and Fiction 22
[The Ideal Grasshopper] 22
[American Fiction] 26
HENRY JAMES (1843—1916) 30
The Art of Fiction 30
MARK TWAIN (SAMUEL L. CLEMENS) (1835—1910) 44
Fenimore Cooper’s Literary Offences 45
Literature of the Late Nineteenth Century 54
WALT WHITMAN (1819—1892) 54
Preface to the 1855 Edition of Leaves of Grass 56
Song of Myself (From the 1891 Edition of Leaves of Grass) 71
FROM Inscriptions 118
To You 118
One’s-Self I Sing 118
When I Read the Book 118
I Hear America Singing 118
Poets to Come 119
FROM Children of Adam 119
From Pent-up Aching Rivers 119
Out of the Rolling Ocean the Crowd 121
As Adam, Early in the Morning 121
Once I Pass’d Through a Populous City 121
FROM Calamus 122
What Think You I Take My Pen In Hand? 122
I Saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing 122
I Hear it was Charged Against Me 123
Crossing Brooklyn Ferry 123
FROM Sea-Drift 128
Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking 128
FROM By the Roadside 132
When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer 132
The Dalliance of the Eagles 133
FROM Drum-Taps 133
Beat! Beat! Drums! 133
Cavalry Crossing a Ford 134
Bivouac on a Mountain Side 134
Vigil Strange I Kept on the Field One Night 134
A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak Gray and Dim 135
The Wound-Dresser 136
As I Lay with My Head in Your Lap Camerado 138
FROM Memories of President Lincoln 138
When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d 138
FROM Autumn Rivulets 145
There Was a Child Went Forth 145
Sparkles from the Wheel 146
Passage to India 147
FROM Whispers of Heavenly Death 155
A Noiseless Patient Spider 155
FROM From Noon to Starry Night 155
To a Locomotive in Winter 155
FROM Democratic Vistas 156
EMILY DICKINSON (1830—1886) 177
49 I never lost as much but twice 178
67 Success is counted sweetest 179
165 A Wounded Deer–leaps highest 179
185 “Faith” is a fine invention 179
210 The thought beneath so slight a film 180
214 I taste a liquor never brewed 180
216 Safe in their Alabaster Chambers 180
241 I like a look of Agony 181
249 Wild Nights–Wild Nights! 181
258 There’s a certain Slant of light 181
280 I felt a Funeral, in my Brain 182
303 The Soul selects her own Society 182
324 Some keep the Sabbath going to Church 183
328 A Bird came down the Walk 183
338 I know that He exists 184
341 After great pain, a formal feeling comes 184
401 What Soft–Cherubic Creatures 185
435 Much Madness is divinest Sense 185
441 This is my letter to the World 186
449 I died for Beauty–but was scarce 186
465 I heard a Fly buzz–when I died 186
520 I started Early–Took my Dog 187
585 I like to see it lap the Miles 187
632 The Brain–is wider than the sky 188
640 I cannot live with You 188
670 One need not be a Chamber–to be Haunted 190
709 Publication–is the Auction 190
712 Because I could not stop for Death 191
764 Presentiment–is that long Shadow–on the Lawn 192
976 Death is a Dialogue between 192
986 A narrow Fellow in the Grass 192
1052 I never saw a Moor 193
1078 The Bustle in a House 193
1129 Tell all the truth but tell it slant 193
1207 He preached upon “Breadth” till it argued him narrow 194
1463 A Route of Evanescence 194
1545 The Bible is an antique Volume 194
1624 Apparently with no surprise 195
1670 In Winter in my Room 195
1732 My life closed twice before its close 196
1755 To make a prairie it takes a clover and one bee 196
1760 Elysium is as far as to 197
Letters to T. W. Higginson 197
MARK TWAIN (SAMUEL L. CLEMENS) (1835—1910) 199
The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County 201
Story of the Bad Little Boy 205
Disgraceful Persecution of a Boy 208
Sociable Jimmy 210
A True Story, Repeated Word-for-Word as I Heard It 212
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 216
My First Lie, and How I Got Out of It 394
To the Person Sitting in Darkness 399
A Salutation-Speech from the Nineteenth Century to the Twentieth 409
The War-Prayer 410
MARY E. WILKINS FREEMAN (1852—1930) 412
A New England Nun 413
A Mistaken Charity 421
SARAH ORNE JEWETT (1849—1909) 429
A White Heron 430
The Town Poor 437
GEORGE WASHINGTON CABLE (1844—1925) 444
Belles Demoiselles Plantation 446
CHARLES WADDELL CHESNUTT (1858—1932) 457
The Goophered Grapevine 458
The Wife of His Youth 467
A Metropolitan Experience 475
JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS (1848—1908) 479
How Mr. Rabbit Was Too Sharp for Mr. Fox 480
Free Joe and the Rest of the World 482
WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS (1837—1920) 490
Editha 491
HENRY JAMES (1843—1916) 501
Daisy Miller: A Study 502
The Jolly Corner 541
The Real Thing 563
The Turn of the Screw 581
AMBROSE BIERCE (1842—1914) 652
An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge 653
Chickamauga 659
CHARLOTTE PERKINS GILMAN (1860—1935) 663
The Yellow Wall-Paper 666
If I Were a Man 677
The Unnatural Mother 682
KATE CHOPIN (1851—1904) 687
The Storm 688
Nég Créol 692
The Awakening 697
STEPHEN CRANE (1871—1900) 786
Black riders came from the sea 787
In the desert 788
A god in wrath 788
I saw a man pursuing the horizon 788
Supposing that I should have the courage 789
On the horizon the peaks assembled 789
A man feared that he might find an assassin 789
Do not weep, maiden, for war is kind 789
A man said to the universe 790
A man adrift on a slim spar 790
The Open Boat 791
The Blue Hotel 808
The Monster 827
FRANK NORRIS (1870—1902) 865
A Deal in Wheat 866
JACK LONDON (1876—1916) 873
The Law of Life 874
To Build a Fire 879
The Red One 889
ANNA JULIA COOPER (C. 1858—1964) 906
Has America a Race Problem? 907
FROM Woman Versus the Indian 907
ABRAHAM CAHAN (1860—1951) 921
The Imported Bridegroom 922
PAUL LAURENCE DUNBAR (1871—1906) 963
We Wear the Mask 963
An Ante-Bellum Sermon 964
When Malindy Sings 966
The Colored Soldiers 968
When Dey ’Listed Colored Soldiers 970
Sympathy 971
The Haunted Oak 972
Ships That Pass in the Night 974
Ere Sleep Comes Down to Sooth the Weary Eyes 974
The Race Question Discussed 975
The Fourth of July and Race Outrages 978
The Ingrate 980
The Literature of the Twentieth Century (1900 to 1945) 986
Reading the Historical Context 997
HENRY ADAMS (1838—1918) 997
The Dynamo and the Virgin 997
BOOKER T. WASHINGTON 1006
The Atlanta Exposition Address 1006
Reading the Critical Context 1009
T. S. ELIOT (1888—1965) 1010
Tradition and the Individual Talent 1010
EZRA POUND (1885—1972) 1016
A Retrospect 1016
Literature of the Twentieth Century (1900 to 1945) 1023
EDITH WHARTON (1862—1937) 1023
The Other Two 1025
THEODORE DREISER (1871—1945) 1039
The Lost Phoebe 1040
Free 1050
O. HENRY (WILLIAM SYDNEY PORTER) (1862—1910) 1071
The Gift of the Magi 1072
A Municipal Report 1075
W. E. B. DU BOIS (1868—1963) 1087
FROM The Souls of Black Folk 1089
A Litany of Atlanta 1104
A Mild Suggestion 1107
The Comet 1109
EDWIN ARLINGTON ROBINSON (1869—1935) 1118
Luke Havergal 1119
Zola 1120
Richard Cory 1120
Cliff Klingenhagen 1121
Miniver Cheevy 1121
How Annandale Went Out 1122
Eros Turannos 1123
Mr. Flood’s Party 1124
ROBERT FROST (1874—1963) 1126
Mending Wall 1127
Home Burial 1128
After Apple-Picking 1131
The Road Not Taken 1132
An Old Man’s Winter Night 1132
Birches 1133
The Oven Bird 1134
For Once, Then, Something 1135
Fire and Ice 1135
Design 1136
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening 1136
Desert Places 1137
In Winter in the Woods 1137
GERTRUDE SIMMONS BONNIN (ZITKALA SA) (1876—1938) 1138
FROM The School Days of an Indian Girl 1138
JAMES WELDON JOHNSON (1871—1938) 1149
Lift Every Voice and Sing 1150
FROM The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man 1151
CARL SANDBURG (1878—1967) 1174
Chicago 1174
Lost 1175
Graceland 1175
Fog 1176
Psalm of Those Who Go Forth Before Daylight 1176
Four Preludes on Playthings of the Wind 1177
Smoke and Steel 1179
WILLA CATHER (1873—1947) 1183
Paul’s Case 1184
A Wagner Matinée 1198
ELLEN GLASGOW (1873—1945) 1202
The Shadowy Third 1204
GERTRUDE STEIN (1874—1946) 1220
The Gentle Lena 1221
Susie Asado 1242
Picasso 1242
A Movie 1244
SHERWOOD ANDERSON (1876—1941) 1245
I Want to Know Why 1246
FROM Winesburg, Ohio 1252
The Book of the Grotesque 1252
Hands 1254
Mother 1258
Tandy 1263
Adventure 1265
JOHN DOS PASSOS (1896—1970) 1269
FROM U.S.A. 1271
Preface 1271
FROM The 42nd Parallel 1272
Proteus 1272
FROM 1919 1274
Newsreel XLIII 1274
The Body of an American 1275
FROM The Big Money 1279
Newsreel LXVI 1279
The Camera Eye (50) 1280
Newsreel LXVIII 1282
FROM U.S.A. 1284
Vag 1284
EUGENE O’NEILL (1888—1953) 1286
The Hairy Ape 1287
SUSAN GLASPELL (1876 —1948) 1316
Trifles 1318
SINCLAIR LEWIS (1885—1951) 1327
Moths in the Arc Light 1328
EZRA POUND (1885—1972) 1350
Portrait d’une Femme 1352
Salutation 1352
A Pact 1353
In a Station of the Metro 1353
The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter 1353
FROM Hugh Selwyn Mauberley 1354
T. S. ELIOT (1888—1965) 1358
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 1359
Preludes 1363
Gerontion 1365
Sweeney Among the Nightingales 1367
The Waste Land 1368
Notes on “The Waste Land” 1380
Journey of the Magi 1384
E. E. CUMMINGS (1894—1962) 1386
[in Just-] 1387
[O sweet spontaneous] 1387
[Buffalo Bill’s defunct] 1388
[the cambridge ladies who livein furnished souls] 1389
Ballad [All in green went my love riding] 1389
[when god lets my body be] 1390
Poem, or Beauty Hurts Mr. Vinal 1391
RING LARDNER (1885—1933) 1392
Some Like Them Cold 1394
HART CRANE (1899—1932) 1406
Carmen de Boheme 1407
Black Tambourine 1408
Praise for an Urn 1408
The Bathers 1409
A Persuasion 1409
Chaplinesque 1410
At Melville’s Tomb 1410
Voyages 1, 2, and 3 1411
FROM The Bridge 1413
To Brooklyn Bridge 1413
EDGAR LEE MASTERS (1868—1950) 1414
FROM Spoon River Anthology 1415
Knowlt Hoheimer 1415
Nellie Clark 1415
Petit, the Poet 1416
Anne Rutledge 1416
Lucinda Matlock 1417
ANZIA YEZIERSKA (1880—1970) 1417
The Fat of the Land 1418
EDNA ST. VINCENT MILLAY (1892—1950) 1432
Spring 1433
First Fig 1434
[I shall forget you presently, my dear] 1434
[Euclid alone has looked on beauty bare] 1434
WALLACE STEVENS (1879—1955) 1435
Peter Quince at the Clavier 1437
Sunday Morning 1439
Disillusionment of Ten O’clock 1442
Domination of Black 1443
Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird 1444
Anecdote of the Jar 1446
The Snow Man 1446
A High-Toned Old Christian Woman 1447
The Emperor of Ice-Cream 1447
The Idea of Order at Key West 1448
Final Soliloquy of the Interior Paramour 1449
The Plain Sense of Things 1450
WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS (1883—1963) 1450
Con Brio 1452
The Young Housewife 1453
Pastoral 1453
Tract 1454
Danse Russe 1456
El Hombre 1456
To a Solitary Disciple 1456
Queenannslace 1457
Portrait of a Lady 1458
The Widow’s Lament in Springtime 1459
The Red Wheelbarrow 1459
Between Walls 1460
The Yachts 1460
Landscape with the Fall of Icarus 1461
RAYMOND CHANDLER (1888—1959) 1462
Red Wind 1463
JAMES THURBER (1894—1961) 1496
You Could Look It Up 1498
MARIANNE MOORE (1887—1972) 1508
The Past is the Present 1509
To a Steam Roller 1509
The Fish 1510
Poetry 1511
A Graveyard 1512
THE NEW NEGRO, ALAIN LOCKE, EDITOR 1513
Vestiges, by Rudolph Fisher 1513
Fog, by John Matheus 1520
White Houses, by Claude McKay 1527
The Black Finger, by Angelina Grimke 1527
The Road, by Helene Johnson 1528
COUNTÉE CULLEN (1903—1946) 1528
Yet Do I Marvel 1529
For a Lady I Know 1529
Incident 1529
From the Dark Tower 1530
A Brown Girl Dead 1530
Scottsboro, Too, Is Worth Its Song 1531
JEAN TOOMER (1894—1967) 1532
FROM Cane 1532
Blood-Burning Moon 1532
ZORA NEALE HURSTON (1891—1960) 1538
John Redding Goes to Sea 1540
THOMAS WOLFE (1900—1938) 1550
Only the Dead Know Brooklyn 1551
The Far and the Near 1554
F. SCOTT FITZGERALD (1896—1940) 1556
Winter Dreams 1558
Bernice Bobs Her Hair 1574
ERNEST HEMINGWAY (1899—1961) 1591
In Another Country 1592
WILLIAM FAULKNER (1897—1962) 1595
Barn Burning 1597
Pantaloon in Black 1609
LANGSTON HUGHES (1902—1967) 1621
The Negro Speaks of Rivers 1622
Aunt Sue’s Stories 1622
Question 1623
The New Moon 1623
Mexican Market Woman 1623
The Weary Blues 1624
I Too 1624
Dream Boogie 1625
Harlem 1626
On the Road 1626
JOHN STEINBECK (1902—1968) 1629
The Chrysanthemums 1630
KATHERINE ANNE PORTER (1890—1980) 1637
María Concepción 1639
The Literature of the Twentieth Century (1945 to 1999) 1652
Reading the Historical Context 1664
MARTIN LUTHER KING (1929—1968) 1664
I Have a Dream 1665
JAMES R. MCDONOUGH (1946—) 1668
“Just Like You And Me” 1668
Reading the Critical Context 1673
TONI MORRISON (1931—) 1674
FROM Playing in the Dark
[American Africanism] 1674
Literature of the Twentieth Century (1945 to 1999) 1680
STERLING BROWN (1901—1989) 1680
Strong Men 1680
Pardners 1682
Children’s Children 1683
Sporting Beasley 1684
EUDORA WELTY (1909—2001) 1685
Powerhouse 1686
RICHARD WRIGHT (1908—1960) 1694
The Man Who Was Almost a Man 1695
GWENDOLYN BROOKS (1917—2000) 1704
Kitchenette Building 1704
The Mother 1705
Sadie and Maud 1706
The Children of the Poor 1706
We Real Cool 1707
The Lovers of the Poor 1707
The Blackstone Rangers 1710
RANDALL JARRELL (1914—1965) 1712
Losses 1713
The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner 1714
A Girl in a Library 1714
In Montecito 1717
ELIZABETH BISHOP (1911—1979) 1718
A Miracle for Breakfast 1719
The Armadillo 1720
Brazil, January 1, 1502 1721
ROBERT LOWELL (1917—1977) 1722
Memories of West Street And Lepke 1724
Skunk Hour 1725
For the Union Dead 1727
ANN PETRY (1908—1997) 1729
Solo on the Drums 1729
RICHARD WILBUR (1921—) 1733
Marginalia 1734
Lamarck Elaborated 1734
A Hole in the Floor 1735
Trolling for Blues 1736
JACK KEROUAC (1922—1969) 1737
Mexico Fellaheen 1738
ALLEN GINSBERG (1926—1997) 1746
Howl 1747
A Supermarket in California 1755
GARY SNYDER (1930—) 1756
Riprap 1758
[Translation of a Poem by Han-Shan] 1758
Poem Left in Sourdough Mountain Lookout 1759
Milton by Firelight 1759
I Went into the Maverick Bar 1760
Soy Sauce 1761
DENISE LEVERTOV (1923—1997) 1762
Beyond the End 1763
Pure Products 1764
Come into Animal Presence 1765
The Ache of Marriage 1765
O Taste and See 1766
Abel’s Bride 1766
Mad Song 1767
A Hunger 1767
Zeroing in 1768
SYLVIA PLATH (1932—1963) 1768
Lady Lazarus 1769
Daddy 1772
W. S. MERWIN (1927—) 1774
Grandfather in the Old Men’s Home 1775
The Drunk in the Furnace 1776
Noah’s Raven 1777
The Dry Stone Mason 1777
Fly 1777
Strawberries 1778
Direction 1779
A. R. AMMONS (1926—2001) 1779
Sight Seed 1780
Motion Which Disestablishes Organizes Everything 1781
The Damned 1783
JAMES BALDWIN (1924—1987) 1784
Sonny’s Blues 1785
Stranger in the Village 1806
FLANNERY OCONNOR (1925—1964) 1814
Good Country People 1814
JOHN UPDIKE (1932—2009) 1828
A & P 1829
PHILIP ROTH (1933—) 1834
The Conversion of the Jews 1835
TILLIE OLSEN (1913—2007) 1846
I Stand Here Ironing 1846
TOMÁS RIVERA (1935—1984) 1852
. . . And The Earth Did Not Part 1852
AMIRI BARAKA (LEROI JONES) (1934—) 1856
In Memory of Radio 1857
The Bridge 1858
Notes for a Speech 1858
An Agony, As Now 1859
A Poem For Democrats 1861
A Poem For Speculative Hipsters 1861
A Poem Some People Will Have to Understand 1862
A Poem for Half-White College Students 1862
Biography 1863
The Screamers 1864
SONIA SANCHEZ (1934—) 1868
the final solution/ 1869
to blk/record/buyers 1870
Womanhood 1871
Masks 1872
“Just Don’t Never Give Up on Love” 1874
BLACK FIRE: AN ANTHOLOGY OF AFRO-AMERICAN WRITING,
LEROI JONES (AMIRI BARAKA) AND LARRY NEAL, EDITORS 1876
Neon Diaspora, by David Henderson 1876
For the Truth, by Edward Spriggs 1878
“Oh shit a riot!” by Jacques Wakefield 1879
When my uncle willie saw, by Carol Freeman 1880
JUNE JORDAN (1936—2002) 1880
Poem About My Rights 1882
Poem for Guatemala 1884
A New Politics of Sexuality 1886
RITA DOVE (1952—) 1890
Banneker 1891
Jiving 1892
The Zeppelin Factory 1893
Under the Viaduct, 1932 1894
Roast Possum 1895
Weathering Out 1896
MAXINE HONG KINGSTON (1940—) 1897
No Name Woman 1897
EDWARD ALBEE (1928—) 1906
The Zoo Story 1908
SAUL BELLOW (1915—2005) 1922
A Silver Dish 1924
KURT VONNEGUT (1922—1907) 1943
Harrison Bergeron 1945
N. SCOTT MOMADAY (1934—) 1949
FROM The Way to Rainy Mountain 1950
JOYCE CAROL OATES (1938—) 1954
How I Contemplated the World from the Detroit House
of Correction and Began My Life over Again 1955
The Birth of Tragedy 1966
JAMES ALAN MCPHERSON (1943—) 1982
The Faithful 1983
ALICE WALKER (1944—) 1992
Everyday Use 1993
TIM O’BRIEN (1946—) 1999
On the Rainy River 2000
AMY TAN (1952—) 2012
Half and Half 2012
BOBBIE ANN MASON (1940—) 2022
Shiloh 2023
DAVID BRADLEY (1950—) 2033
197903042100 (Sunday) 2033
GLORIA NAYLOR (1950—) 2058
Lucielia Louise Turner 2058
LESLIE MARMON SILKO (1948—) 2068
The Man to Send Rain Clouds 2069
Coyote Holds a Full House in His Hand 2072
RAYMOND CARVER (1938—1988) 2078
Cathedral 2079
GLORIA ANZALDÚA (1942—2004) 2088
The Homeland, Aztlán / El otro México 2099
LOUISE ERDRICH (1954—) 2099
The Red Convertible 2100
TINA HOWE (1937—) 2107
Painting Churches 2108
TONI MORRISON (1931—) 2152
Recitatif 2153
THOMAS PYNCHON (1937—) 2166
Entropy 2167
AUGUST WILSON (1945—2005) 2178
Fences 2179
SIMON ORTIZ (1941—) 2228
A Designated National Park 2229
Canyon de Chelly 2231
Final Solution: Jobs, Leaving 2232
The Literature of the Twenty-First Century 2235
Reading the Historical Context 2243
BARACK OBAMA (1961—) 2243
Inauguration Address 2244
ALBERT GORE, JR. (1948—) 2248
Our Choice 2248
CRAIG M. MULLANEY (1978—) 2254
Purgatory 2254
Reading the Critical Context 2257
N. SCOTT MOMADAY (1934—) 2257
The Arrowmaker 2258
BILLY COLLINS (1941—) 2260
Winter Syntax 2260
Books 2261
Introduction to Poetry 2262
YUSEF KOMUNYAKAA (1947—) 2263
Camouflaging the Chimera 2264
A Greenness Taller Than Gods 2265
2527th Birthday of the Buddha 2265
Missing in Action 2266
Facing It 2267
CHITRA BANERJEE DIVAKARUNI (1957—) 2268
The Disappearance 2268
JUNOT DIAZ (1968—) 2274
How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie 2275
GEORGE SAUNDERS (1958—) 2277
Offloading for Mrs. Schwartz 2278
SHERMAN ALEXIE (1966—) 2284
Class 2285
Defending Walt Whitman 2297
Reference Works, Bibliographies 2299
Criticism, Literary and Cultural History 2303
Acknowledgments 2309
Index to Authors, Titles, and First Lines 2317