While Verb-third (V3) patterns have long been studied in verb-second (V2) languages, a similar pattern in which an initial adverbial constituent is resumed by a clause-internal element has been much less studied. The latter is referred to as 'adverbial resumption' and it also has the character of being a V3 phenomenon. Therefore, the pattern is labelled 'adverbial V3 resumption' or 'adverbial V3.'

The present volume is an up-to-date overview of the subject featuring case studies of individual languages that display certain patterns of V3. The authors discuss this pattern in relation to several different languages, addressing among other things issues of microvariation in contemporary varieties and diachronic variation. The book covers Medieval Romance, Old Italian, Old English, diachronic and synchronic varieties of German, varieties of Flemish and Dutch, Icelandic, varieties of Swedish, and Norwegian.

Through analyses of adverbial resumptive V3 orders in Germanic and Romance, the contributors explore the nature of V2: while adverbial resumption only occurs in varieties that observe the V2 rule, in itself it leads to apparent violations of linear V2 order, namely to V3 orders.

Adverbial Resumption in Verb Second Languages provides comparative analyses which touch upon the nature of sentence-external versus sentence-internal adjuncts, and the fine-grained architecture of the clausal functional hierarchy. These papers constitute a valuable contribution to the theoretically important topics of V2 and V3 that will be of interest to comparative linguists, Germanic linguistics, Romance linguists, and anyone working on formal grammar in general.

Karen De Clercq is a CNRS researcher affiliated with the Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle at Université Paris Cité. She has worked extensively on negation from a typological perspective and is the author of The Morphosyntax of Negative Markers and a co-editor of Exploring Nanosyntax (OUP).
Liliane Haegeman is Professor Emeritus of English Linguistics at Ghent University, Belgium, where from 2009 till 2019 she was the principal investigator for the Odysseus project "Layers of Structure." Her research interests lie in the field of comparative syntax of English, Germanic languages and Romance languages. She has worked extensively on the syntax of her own native dialect, West Flemish. Haegeman is the author of Adverbial clauses, Main Clause Phenomena and the Composition of the Left Periphery (OUP) and co-editor of Exploring Nanosyntax (OUP).
Terje Lohndal is Professor of English linguistics at NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology since 2013 and Adjunct Professor of linguistics at UiT The Arctic University of Norway since 2015. Currently he is Vice Dean of Research at the Faculty of Humanities at NTNU, where he co-leads the AcqVA (Acquisition, Variation & Attrition) research group. Lohndal is the author of Phrase Structure and Argument Structure (OUP) and co-author of The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Chomsky.
Christine Meklenborg is Professor of French Linguistics at the University of Oslo since 2019. She was the Principal Investigator of the Norwegian Research Council project Traces of History (2014â2018). She has edited and co-edited numerous volumes, among them Continuity and Variation in Germanic and Romance (OUP). Since 2021 she has been the Head of Department at the Department of Literature, Area Studies, and European Languages at the University of Oslo.

Part I: Presentation of the volume
Introduction
Table of contents

1. Adverbial resumption in V2 languages: the background
Liliane Haegeman
Karen De Clercq
Terje Lohndal
Christine Meklenburg Salvesen

2. Frame-setters and microvariation of subject-initial Verb Second
Ciro Greco
Liliane Haegeman

Part II. Revisiting the typology of adverbial resumption

3. On the syntax of fronted adverbial clauses in two Tyrolean dialects: the distribution of resumptive semm
Jan Casalicchio
Federica Cognola

4. A generalised resumptive in the Ghent variety of East Flemish?
Karen De Clercq
Liliane Haegeman

5. Resumptive adverbs in Old French and Old Occitan
Barbara Vance

Part III. Adverbial resumption and the syntax of V2

3.1. Resumption and the syntax of (non) integration
6. Adverbial resumption in German from a synchronic and diachronic perspective
Katrin Axel-Tober

7. V3 in True V2 Contexts and Adverbial Resumption in Old English
Eric Haeberli
Susan Pintzuk

8. Adverbial resumption and scope: a case study of Norwegian
Christine Meklenborg Salvesen
Terje Lohndal

3.2. Adverbial resumption and the articulated left periphery of V2

9. Resumption in Medieval Romance: Reconsidering si
Sam Wolfe

10. Why is it so? An analysis of the V3 cases after si in Old Italian
Cecilia Poletto

11. The syntax of the V3 particle så in the Swedish left periphery
Anders Holmberg

12. The XP-Þá-construction and V2
Jóhannes Gísli Jónsson

13. Resolving permissible and impermissible V3 in Kiezdeutsch: resumption and beyond
Benjamin Lowell Sluckin
Oliver Bunk